Questions and Answers of Sport Funding And Finance

How can asset values and shareholder’s equity be used to measure a sport organization’s market value?
To what extent is a sport club’s market value affected by expected future earnings? Give an example.
Identify the main features of a cartel.
In what ways is a cartel similar to a monopoly?
What do cartels do in order to restrict competition, contain costs, and increase revenue?
What are the main features of a sport cartel, and how might it go about constraining the conduct of its member clubs in order to secure its financial future?
What cartel-like features does the AFL possess?
How does the AFL go about restricting competition, constraining its costs, and increasing revenue?
Why is the concept of competitive balance so important in the AFL, and what does it do to secure a more balance competition?
Why is reputation and brand image important to the AFL, and how does it use its monopoly power to improve it?
How does the AFL use its monopoly power to maximize its income from broadcasting rights fees?
Contrast the cartel-like conduct of the National Football League (NFL)with the operation of English Premier League (EPL).
How would you rank the AFL, EPL, and NFL in terms of their cartel structure and conduct?
Why is pricing so important to the financial viability of sport organizations?
What is meant by full cost recovery pricing?
Contrast full cost recovery pricing with pricing below cost. Under what circumstance would it be possible and proper to price below cost for a sport service? Where does equity pricing fit into this
Give examples of cost-plus pricing in sport.
How does demand-based pricing work in sport?
Give examples of sport products that might have a low-price elasticity of demand, and those sport products that might have a high-price elasticity of demand.
How does prestige pricing work in sport, both at the low and high end of the market? And, how is quality-assurance pricing linked to prestige pricing?
How does discriminatory pricing work in sport? Give examples from community sport and recreation, and professional sport leagues.
Contrast penetration pricing with skimming pricing. Under what conditions would one approach be used over the other?
How important is competition pricing in sport?
What are the pressures on ticket prices in professional sport?
Is there any evidence that higher ticket prices for professional sport league games are threatening attendance levels?
Why are tourists and visitors an important part of a sport event?
When people talk about the economic impact of a sport event on the host city, what do they mean?
What are some of the non-economic impacts on sport events?
How might the economic impact argument be used to secure government funds for a major sport event?
How is total visitor expenditure of an event calculated? What are the difficulties involved in calculating this figure?
How is an economic multiplier used to calculate the economic impact of a sporting event? And, what values are usually given to the multiplier?
List the main difficulties in securing accurate measures of economic impacts of sport events.
What is the difference between an economic impact statement and a cost–benefit analysis of a sport event? Which is better for deciding where funds should be allocated to obtain the best outcome for
Compare and contrast the economic and other costs and benefits that resulted from the BCOTC and the Pleasantville Special Games. Identify the items that are essential for constructing an economic
What is a feasibility study and what does it aim to do?
Where should you begin when conducting a feasibility study?
Why is it so important to undertake a detailed market analysis as part of a feasibility study?
What is a concept plan, and where does it fit into a feasibility study?
Why is it so important to distinguish between capital costs and running or operating costs when doing a feasibility study?
What goes into the construction of operating revenue and expense estimates?
How might you go about constructing different scenarios for the financial projections of a feasibility study?
Review the strengths and weaknesses of the proposal to build and operate a go-cart track.
What is the benefit of having a mainly public funded and managed sport facility?
What is the benefit of having a mainly privately funded and managed sport facility?
How do you explain the shift over recent years to more PPPs in the field of sport facility development?
What is meant by the term CSR and how does it relate to the concept of triple bottom line accounting?
How can CSR be applied to sport?
How did the GRI originate, and what does it hope to achieve?
How can the GRI model be applied to sport clubs, associations, events, and leagues?
In what ways might the development of strategic alliances and partnerships in sport sustain its financial viability?
Discuss the different funding scenarios that sport will face in the future.
Having read the Barry Blockhead volleyball tournament case, would you offer the same advice to council as Barry, or would you do things differently?
Give an example of how a change in admission price levels for a sport event can impact on the break-even level of attendance.
What is BEA all about, and what does it aim to do?
How might costs be segmented to better understand how costs can vary in response to changes in the supply of a sports good or service?
What are costs?
Describe the simplest form of capital budgeting, and explain how it assists in making decisions about investment and capital expenditure.
What is variance analysis, and how can it assist the budget process?
How can a program budget be converted into a performance budget?
What is a line-item budget and how does it differ from a program budget?
Contrast an operating budget with a capital budget.
What benefits arise from the budget process?
What is the purpose of a budget?
Compare and contrast the financial performance of the IRB and the ICC over recent times. How do you explain the fluctuations in operating income?
What does the table of wage efficiency ratios for AFL clubs tell you about how well clubs convert their player wage bills into on-field success?
After examining the financial indicators of the MCC, how would you rate its financial performance over the last 15 years? What are its financial strengths and weaknesses?
How might you go about measuring the extent to which a sport organization depends on debt to fund it operations?
Identify and explain two measures of operating efficiency.
How might the cash flow statement be used to reveal the level of liquidity of a sport organization?
What does the level of working capital reveal about a sport organization’s short-term financial health? How can the level of working capital be converted to a ratio?
Identify three ways you can go about measuring profitability in a sport organization. Nominate the strengths and weaknesses of each method.
Identify three reference points that can be used to build a model of financial analysis for a sport organization.
What does a cash flow statement aim to show, and how is it constructed?
Explain why a profit and loss statement is a weak indicator of movements of cash.
Give examples of how net profits can be different from operating profits.
What does a profit and loss statement aim to show?
Contrast current with non-current liabilities.
Identify some intangible assets that are particularly important for sport organizations.
What is the difference between tangible and intangible assets?
What is the principle that underpins depreciation and amortization?
On what basis are assets re-valued over time?
How are assets categorized in a balance sheet?
What does a balance sheet aim to show?
Succinctly review the current financial position of the Rolling Plains Tennis Club. What has it done well, and not so well? How might it go about improving its financial performance?
Construct a table that explains how transactions will be recorded using the double-entry book-keeping system.
What is meant by the term double-entry book-keeping and explain how it is linked to the accounting equation?
Identify the five core account types and their relationship to the accounting equation.
Explain the accounting equation.
Describe the flow of a financial transaction from raw data to its absorption into a financial statement.
Distinguish between the cash method of accounting and the accrual method of accounting. Why is the accrual method a superior system of book-keeping and accounting?
What are three core financial statements, and what do they aim to measure?
What financial records are the building blocks of all accounting systems?
What are the key financial questions that all sport organizations need to ask in order to understand their overall financial well-being?
Why is sound financial management so important to all sport organizations, no matter how large or small?
Under what circumstances would it be appropriate to have a sport organization set up as a public company?
What are the strengths and weaknesses of setting up a sport organization as a company limited by guarantee?
Why are so many sport organizations set up as non-profit entities?
The financial management function can take place in many types of organizational settings. Identify the different legal forms an organization can take, and indicate which forms are most used in the
Identify four important accounting principles and how they can be used to frame accounting structures and systems.
What is the primary role of the International Accounting Standards Board?

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