Interactions in a children’s museum. Refer to the Early Childhood Education Journal (Mar. 2014) study of interactions in a children’s museum, Exercise 2.19 (p. 69). Recall that interactions by visitors to the museum were classified as (1) show-and-tell, (2) learning/teaching, (3) refocusing,

(4) participatory play, or (5) advocating/disciplining. Over a 3-month period, the researchers observed 170 meaningful interactions, of which 81 were led by children and 89 were led by adult caregivers. The number of interactions observed in each category is provided in the accompanying table.

a. For child-led interactions, is there evidence of differences in the proportions associated with the types of interactions? Test, using a = .01.

b. Repeat part a for adult-led interactions.

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Type of Interaction Child-Led Adult-Led Show-and-tell Learning/Teaching Refocusing Participatory Play Advocating/Disciplining 2222 26 21 21 12 1 01096 64 Totals 81 89