Accounting For Corporate Combinations And Associations 8th Edition Neal Arthur, Louise Luff, Ronita Ram, Matt Egan, Bryan Howieson - Solutions

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Note disclosures fo r operating segments (Sections 11.3 and 11.5)The Diversified Ltd group has internally reported segment information for the year ended 31 December 201X as follows:R E Q U IR E D In accordance with AASB 8:(a) determine the reportable operating segments of the Diversified Ltd
Note disclosures fo r operating segments (Sections 11.3 and 11.5)The Tri-State Holdings Ltd group owns and operates a number of business units in Australia.The internal accounting system reports the following information to the CODM:R E Q U IR E D In accordance with AASB 8:(a) determine the
Decision usefulness of segment disclosures (Section 11.5)Using the Internet, find and collect a current example of a segment disclosure note for a listed Australian company that has diversified operations. Study the note disclosure of your chosen company and then prepare answers to the following
Determining reportable segments (Section 11.3)Carter Ltd has five operating segments based on information supplied to the CODM. Apply AASB 8.13 and AASB 8.15 to determine which of these segments are 'reportable’.
Determining reportable segments (Section 11.3)Based on the following information, determine the material segments based on AASB 8.13(b)for each of the following cases.
Determining reportable segments (Section 11.3)Given the following information reported to the CODM, determine the operating segments that are reportable segments based on AASB 8.13(a) for each of the following cases.
Reconciling segment data to consolidated data (Sections 11.5 and 11.6)For each of the following components of the reconciliations required by AASB 8.28 provide at least one example of a specific accounting item that would be disclosed in such reconciliations:(a) The total of the reportable
Segment accounting policies (Section 11.4)Describe what comprises 'segment accounting policies'. Discuss how management can use segment accounting policies to influence the reported results of a business segment. In what
M ateriality test (Section 11.3)Discuss the following statement:The quantitative 1 0 % tests in A A S B 8, used to determ ine material segments, represent a ru/es-based rat/ier than a pr/ndp/es-based approach to regulation, which is inconsistent with the core principle o f the standard.
Determining reportable business segments (Section 11.3)Describe how reportable operating segments are determined in accordance with AASB 8, including:參 The use of the internal reporting system to identify operating segments.參 The use of the definition of ’operating segment’ in the
Segment reporting by consolidated entities (Section 11.2)What additional issues (if any) arise in preparing a segment note for a group, which do not arise where a segment report is prepared for an entity that does not have subsidiaries?
Parent entity segment reporting in separate financial statements(Section 11.2)Currently there is no requirement to disclose segment data in relation to the parent entity.Would such information be of relevance to investors in the parent entity?
Relevance and comparability in segment reporting (Section 11.2)The IFRS 8 Basis for Conclusions noted that some users argued that US standard FASB 131 should be changed to use an approach similar to IAS 14, rather than vice versa, in order to achieve greater comparability of information provided by
Possible bases of segmentation (Section 11.2)Describe the possible bases that could be used for segment reporting. In your opinion, which of these bases provides the most useful information for economic decision making? What were the shortcomings of the segmentation approach used by AASB 1005 and
Identifying the Chief Operating Decision Maker (Section 11.3.1)Archer Ltd has a board of directors consisting of five independent non-executive directors and three non-independent executive directors. The executive directors are the CEO, the Chief Operating Officer (COO) and the Chief Financial
Management approach to segment reporting (Section 11.2.3)Summarise the arguments in favour of the management approach to segment reporting as employed in AASB 8.
Case fo r and against segment reporting (Section 11.2)Discuss the case for and the case against the disclosure of segment information to the shareholders, employees and other stakeholders in a group. Compare the purpose of consolidation accounting with the purpose of segment reporting.
Translation and consolidation of statement of comprehensive income, statement of financial position and statement o f cash flows (Sections 10.3, 10.9, 10.11 and 10.12)On 1 July 20X1 Xiangu Ltd (Xiangu), an Australian company, acquired 100% of the ordinary issued capital of the US company Liyan Inc
Translation and consolidation of statements o f comprehensive income, statements of financial position and statements of changes in equity fo r tw o years (Sections 10.3 and 10.11)On 1 January 20X1, Sumeng Ltd, an Australian company, formed a trading company, Evan Pty Ltd, in Paradise Island. On
Translation and consolidation o f statements of comprehensive income, statements o f financial position and statements of changes in equity(Sections 10.3 and 10.11)On 1 January 20X2, Selina Ltd acquired 100% of a foreign subsidiary company, Wang Ltd, for a cash consideration of FC2.8million. The
Translation and consolidation of statement of comprehensive income and statement of financial position (Sections 10.3 and 10.11)Fan Ltd incorporated a subsidiary, Yanfei Inc, in California on 1 July 20X1. Fan Ltd holds all the issued shares of Yanfei Inc. The functional currency of Yanfei Inc is
Translation of statement of comprehensive income, statement of financial position and statement of cash flows for two years (Sections 10.3 and 10.9)On 1 January 20X2, the Australian-based com pany Gao Ltd acquired all o f the issued shares in the British-based com pany W enbiao PLC fo r a cash paym
Translation o f statement of comprehensive income, statement of financial position and statement of cash flows (Sections 10.3 and 10.9)A lp s Ltd in co rp o ra te s a subsidiary, M a tte rh o rn A G , in Z urich on 1 January 20X1 and c o n trib u te s A U D 75 000 in capital. The fu n c tio n a l
Translation o f statement of comprehensive income, statement o f financial position, statement o f changes in equity and statement of cash flows (Sections 10.3 an d 10.10)Buffin Ltd acquired all the issued shares o f the foreign company Thor Inc on 1 January 20X1. The functional currency o f Thor
Translation of statement of comprehensive income, statement of financial position and statement of cash flows (Sections 10.3 and 10.10)A thos Ltd form ed a foreign subsidiary on 31 D ecem ber 20X1 known as th e M eteora Com pany.The statem ent o f financial position o f th e M eteora Com pany on
Translation o f financial statements from foreign currency trial balance(Section 10.3)Manyana Ltd incorporated a US subsidiary nam ed M egalong Inc on 1 January 20X1 and co n trib u te d paid-up capital o f USD100000. The trial balance o f M egalong Inc in USD at 31 D ecem ber 20X1 is as follows:
Consolidated statement of cash flow (Section 10.10)Explain w hy the technique o f preparing cash flo w statem ents using th e reconstructed ledgers approach based on an entity's statem ent o f financial position and statem ent o f com prehensive incom e cannot be applied in th e case o f a gro up
Economic and accounting measures o f exchange gains (Section 10.9)Describe th e econom ic and accounting conditions th a t m ig h t give rise to a foreign currency translation gain fo r accounting purposes, b u t give rise to adverse consequences fo r investors.Explain how these conditions are
Presentation currencies (Section 10.6)The directors o f G lobal Ltd have proposed to th e CFO th a t th e e n tity should present its financial statem ents in b o th AU D and N ew Zealand dollars. This recom m endation is based on th e fact th a t w hile th e com pany is incorporated in Australia,
Choice o f presentation and functional currency (Sections 10.5 and 10.6)A ccounting standards p rovide rules and guidelines to determ ine th e functional currency o f an entity, b u t allow m anagem ent to determ ine th e presentation currency. Discuss w hy regulators specify rules and guidelines
Auditor disagreement over the determination of functional currency(Section 10.5)The directors o f Travis Ltd believe th a t th e functional currency o f a UK subsidiary is pounds sterling. The auditors o f Travis Ltd disagree and believe th a t th e functional currency o f the subsidiary is AUD.
Importance of the choice of functional currency (Sections 10.3 and 10.10)Explain w hether and, if so, how the choice o f functional currency o f the foreign subsidiary affects th e reported profits o f (a) the subsidiary, (b) consolidated profits and (c) consolidated cash flows.
Determination of functional currency (Section 10.5)O zzie Hats Ltd m anufactures fa rm -style A ustralian hats th a t it sells in A ustralia and overseas m arkets. O zzie Hats Ltd has established w h o lly o w n ed subsidiaries in th e US and UK to d is trib u te its p ro d u c t in these m arkets.
Determination o f functional currency (Section 10.5)In order to try to minimise its tax liabilities, the directors o f Siena Ltd (Siena) established a subsidiary. Cl Ltd (Cl) in the Cayman Islands. Cl buys goods from the Chinese manufacturers, which invoice Cl in USD. Cl then sells the goods to
Translation of foreign currency balances and operations (Section 10.3)The directors o f Evan Ltd are considering b orro w in g using a foreign currency loan denom inated in euros. The functional and presentation currency o f Evan Ltd is th e AUD. C oncerned about th e risk o f foreign currency
The need fo r translation (Section 10.1)Explain when and w hy it is necessary to translate th e financial statem ents o f a foreign subsidiary o r foreign associate into AUD.
Effect of classification of investments On 1 July 20X8, Warmth Ltd acquired a 25% strategic long-term investment of 2500000 voting shares in Cold Ltd at a cost of $5.20 per share. The other shareholdings in Cold Ltd were widely held and accordingly Warmth Ltd succeeded in having four of its
Equity worksheet, revaluation increment, gain from bargain purchase, preparation o f financial statements and note disclosures A non-parent entity, L Ltd, acquired on 1 July 20X9 a 40% voting interest in P Ltd for $350000 cash. The recorded identifiable net assets and assumed liabilities of P Ltd
Equity journals fo r fair value adjustment and transfer o f plant Success Ltd is a listed parent entity with interests in the media industry. On 1 January 20X5, Success Ltd acquired 35% of the voting shares of Same Pty Ltd, a publisher of variety magazines, for $800000 cash. The acquisition gave
Equity journals fo r profits, losses, reserves, dividends, transfers of inventory, revaluation increment, fair value issues in year of acquisition and related adjustments in subsequent years after acquisition Sun Ltd, a parent entity, acquired a voting interest of 40% in Sea Ltd on 1 July 20X7 for
Equity journals fo r profits, reserves, dividends, gain from bargain purchase and transfers o f inventory and preparation o f statements o f comprehensive income and changes in equity On 1 July 20X6 a parent entity, Tom Ltd, acquired 30% of the voting shares of Jerry Pty Ltd for $1 million in cash
Equity journals fo r losses, pre-acquisition dividends, impairment losses and transfer of inventory On 1 January 20X9, a listed parent company, Bigger Ltd, acquired 30% of the voting shares of Smaller Pty Ltd for $60000 and obtained the power to significantly influence Smaller Pty Ltd.The
Equity journals fo r profits, dividends, effect on profit fo r fair value issues at acquisition, inter-entity transactions, reserves and tax effects On 1 July 20X6, Gamma Ltd transferred consideration of $400000 and acquired 25% of Ray Ltd voting shares. In light of this and other contributing
Equity journals fo r profits, dividends, impairment losses and reversal of investor fair value adjustments and tax effects On 1 January 20X5, a parent entity, Manhattan Ltd, acquired a 35% voting interest and the power to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of
Equity journals fo r profit, dividends and unrealised profit in opening inventory On 1 July 20X1 NRL Ltd paid $2million in cash to acquire 30% of the ordinary shares of AFL Ltd. This investment gave NRL Ltd significant influence over AFL Ltd. NRL Ltd is a parent entity and prepares consolidated
Comparison o f full consolidation and the equity method incorporating revision of non-controlling interest On 1 January 20X8 Sack Goldman Ltd acquired 45% of the voting shares of Wall St Ltd for$3million and was able to appoint two directors to Wall St Ltd's eight-seat board of directors.On 1
Comparison o f full consolidation and the equity method excluding consideration of non-controlling interest Tim Ltd is anticipating acquiring a 22.5% voting interest in Paul Pty Ltd for $600000 in cash.From a preliminary review of Paul Ltd's financial statements, at the date of acquisition the
Comparison o f the cost method and the equity method On 1 July 20X8, Sally Ltd, a parent entity, acquired a 25% equity interest and assessed that it now had the power to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of Harry Pty Ltd at a cost of $2million. For the year
Comparison o f the fair value method and equity method O n 1 July 20X7, A p p le Ltd, a n on-parent e ntity, acquired a 25% vo tin g interest in Pear Ltd and assessed th a t it now had significant influence over Pear Ltd's o pe ra tin g and financial policies. The cost o f th e investm ent was
Significant influence Infernix Ltd is a publicly listed e n tity w hose prim ary business activity is m anufacturing infrastructure assets fo r use in th e construction industry. Follow ing a recent capital raising, Infernix Ltd acquired interests in several separate entities. C onsider th e fo llo
Equity carrying amount of an investment and accounting fo r income taxes(Section 9.7)Explain th e item s th a t co n trib u te to th e e qu ity carrying am ount o f an investm ent and describe how these item s w ill give rise to an taxable te m p ora ry difference and th e recognition o f a
Equity accounting losses in an associate (Section 9.5.11)An investor has had significant influence over an associated e ntity fo r several years and has applied the equity m ethod to the investm ent. Recently the associated entity has experienced substantial losses and the investm ent in th e
Financial statement effects fo r equity investments achieved in stages(Section 9.5.10)Revenue recognition criteria as stated in th e AASB Fram ework .92 suggests th a t it should be able to be "m easured reliably". In your opinion, should th e change in fair value fo r any p rior investm ents be
Equity accounting and inter-entity transactions (Section 9.5.5)Describe th e e qu ity accounting adjusting entries required when inter-entity transactions occur betw een investors and th e ir associated entities. C om pare these adjustm ents w ith th e intere n tity adjustm ents required betw een a
Impact of equity accounting in separate financial statements and consolidated financial statements (Section 9.4.1)Explain th e financial accounting effects o f th e current accounting trea tm en t fo r investm ents in associated entities and jo in t ventures fo r a parent e n tity investor in th e
Equity method and theoretical concepts (Section 9.3.1)C om m ent on th e fo llo w in g critical perspective on e qu ity accounting. In lig h t o f this com m ent, is th e e qu ity m ethod o f accounting justified? W hat is your perspective?The equity m ethod o f accounting is theoretically
Views on the nature of equity accounting (Section 9.3.1)C om m ent on w hether each o f th e fo llo w in g individual statem ents in relation to th e equity accounting m ethod fo r investm ents is correct:(a) it is an extension o f th e accrual process fo r recognising revenue from investm ents
The equity method versus other methods (Section 9.3)Discuss how accounting outcom es w ould d iffe r betw een th e e qu ity m ethod and the fo llow ing m ethods th a t can be applied to investm ents in o th e r entities:(a) cost basis;(b) fair value basis;(c) full consolidation.Your answers should
Calculation o f ownership interest (Section 9.2.1)D etailed b e lo w is th e g ro u p structure fo r th e A Ltd g ro u p . In th e fo llo w in g exam ples, base yo u r ju d g e m e n t on ow n ersh ip interests only using 20% ow n ersh ip as a basis fo r sign ifican t influence and 50% o w n ersh
Professional judgement and true and fair A friend o f yours presents th e fo llo w in g argum ent:A n in ve sto r w ith a 4 8 % interest in an entity that is m aking lo sse s a n d that has large liabilities p ro b a b ly sh o u ld argu e that it is an associate rather than a subsidiary. That way,
Management choice fo r associate or subsidiary classification (Section 9.2)Identify, from a financial rep orting perspective, a situation w here th e directors o f an investor m ig h t be m otivated to prefer to account fo r an investm ent:(a) as an associate rather than as a subsidiary;(b) as a
Associate versus subsidiary (Section 9.2)C o n tra s t th e in d ica to rs o f "sig n ifica n t influence* and 'c o n tro l' in clu d e d in AASB 10 and 128. H ow w o u ld you d escrib e th e d iffe re n c e b e tw e e n 's tro n g s ig n ific a n t in flu e n ce 'and 'w e a k c o n tr〇 r?
Journal entries fo r tw o periods fo r interest in an oil and gas joint operation(Section 8.6.3)Extraction Ltd has recently undertaken successful oil exploration activities and was granted th e rig h t to m ine econom ically viable reserves o f iron ore in central Australia, th ou gh it lacks
Journal entries fo r interest in a joint production operation, non-current assets contributed, management fee Shovel Ltd and Pick Ltd enter into a contractual agreem ent to form a joint operation known as Dirt 1 to extract a new type of iron ore from a site on 1 July 20X9. Shovel Ltd contributed
Journal entries fo r interest in a joint production operation, non-current assets contributed, revaluation of joint operator's remaining interest in non-current assets contributed On 1 July 20X9, MA Ltd and MF Ltd entered into a joint operation to collect and recycle scrap paper from universities.
Journal entries for interest in a joint operation, non
Transfer of assets to a joint operation On 1 July 20X8 Berkshire Ltd enters into a joint operation with Yorkshire Ltd. Both joint operators agree to a contractual arrangement in which Berkshire Ltd contributes machinery and Yorkshire provides cash of $2.5million.Additional information known about
Journal entries fo r interest in a services joint operation MG Ltd has a 30% interest in Minerals Consulting Services, a joint operation that provides mineral analysis services to entities in the mining industry. The joint operators separately bill mining entities for their share of the analysis
Journal entries fo r interest in a joint research operation York Ltd has a one-quarter interest in a joint operation that is involved in research for alternative technology to replace the current generation iPhone. The joint operation was formed on 1 January 20X1, and Nile Ltd, another joint
Journal entries fo r interest in a joint production operation, no product distributed to date Peppa Ltd and George Ltd entered into a joint operation on 1 June 20X0 to produce specialty medical equipment. Each of the joint operators initially contributed cash of $600000. A joint operation manager
Note disclosures for joint arrangements (Section 8.9)Discuss the purpose of the note disclosures required by AASB 12 for joint operations and joint ventures.
Profit or loss on sale o f part interest in a non-current asset (Section 8.7.1)Discuss the principles that are used in the calculation of a gain on the sale of non-current asset in a joint operation.
Recognition of profit or loss from transactions between joint operators(Sections 8.7.2 and 8.7.3)Critically evaluate the following arguments by considering the extent to which the contribution of the non-current asset can be treated as giving rise to a profit or loss under AASB 11:(a) "When
Initial transaction between joint operators— contribution of a non-current asset (Section 8.7.1)A Ltd, B Ltd, C Ltd and D Ltd agree to form a joint operation in which they are each to have a one-quarter interest. B Ltd, C Ltd and D Ltd each contribute $1 million in cash. A Ltd contributes items
Line-by-line method and its conceptual issues (Section 8.5.2)Describe the concept of line-by-line method and discuss how it conflicts with the definition of an asset included in the AASB's Framework for the Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements.
Features o f a joint operation (Sections 8.3.7 and 8.3.8)Identify and describe two unique features of a joint operation. Explain the accounting treatments adopted by AASB 11 to accommodate these features and comment on whether, in your opinion, these accounting treatments will present useful
Comparison of joint ventures and joint operations (Sections 8.3.3 and 8.3.5)Explain w hy entities ente r into jo in t arrangem ents and describe conditions th a t cause parties to prefer:
Joint control (Section 8.3.2)Infernix Ltd is a publicly listed e n tity w hose prim ary business activity is m anufacturing infrastructure assets fo r th e construction industry. Follow ing a recent capital raising, Infernix Ltd acquired interests in several separate investm ents. Consider th e fo
Joint control judgement (Section 8.3.2)Suppose X Ltd controls 50% o f the vo ting shares in Y Pty Ltd, and th e ind ependent entities A Ltd and B Ltd each control 25% o f th e o th e r vo tin g shares o f Y Pty Ltd. Discuss th e circumstances under w hich X Ltd could have th e capacity to control
Definition of joint control (Section 8.3.2)In your own words, define th e term 'jo in t control'.
Joint venture agreement (Section 8.3.1)O utline th e inform ation a jo in t venture contractual agreem ent should address. Explain why this inform ation is useful fo r financial statem ent preparers and auditors.
Definition of investor and venturer Identify th e principal differences betw een th e definitions o f an investor and a venturer.
AASB 11 and AASB 131 Evaluate th e fo llo w in g com m ent:The A A S B 11 Joint Arrangem ents substance-over-form approach to classify and determ ine the accounting treatment for joint venture Investm ents will result in m ore relevant financial information for users com pared with the current
Acquisition o f a subsidiary, asset revaluation and related tax effect(Section 7.4)P resented b e lo w are th e co nso lid ate d sta te m e nt o f com prehensive incom e and s ta te m e n t o f changes in e q u ity o f th e C hristine Ltd g ro u p fo r th e year e nd ed 31 D ecem ber 20X2 and its
Acquisition o f a subsidiary, asset revaluation and related tax effect(Section 7.4)Set o u t below are th e consolidated statem ent o f com prehensive income, and consolidated statem ent o f changes in equity o f the Jenny Xiao Ltd group fo r th e year ended 30 June 20X2, and its com parative
Acquisition o f a subsidiary, no asset revaluations (Section 7.4)Presented below are the consolidated statement of comprehensive income and consolidated statement of changes in equity of the Huihui Ltd group for the year ended 30 June 20X2 and its comparative consolidated statements of financial
Acquisition o f a subsidiary, no asset revaluation (Section 7.4)Set out below are the consolidated statement of comprehensive income and consolidated statement of changes in equity of the Sumeng Ltd group for the financial year ended 30 June 20X2 and its comparative consolidated statements of
No acquisition or disposal o f a subsidiary, no asset revaluation (Section 7.3)The Lingjie Ltd group consists of the parent entity and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Presented below are the consolidated statements of comprehensive income, consolidated statements of financial position, consolidated
Income tax paid (Sections 7.3 and 7.4)PART A — N O A S S E T R EV A LU A T IO N The following data relates to the LiYin Ltd group.R E Q U IR E D Determine the amount of income tax paid for the year ended 30 June 20X2.PART C— A S S E T REVALU ATIO N, TAX E F FE C T A N D A C Q U IS IT IO N The
Cash flows from investing activities (Section 7.3)The following data relates to the Sky Jiang Ltd group:R E Q U IR E D Determine the amount of cash purchases of plant and equipment during the year ended 30 June 20X2:(a) using the reconstructed ledgers approach;(b) using the equation approach.
Cash paid to suppliers (Sections 7.3 and 7.4)P A R T A The following data relates to the Shasha Ltd group:R E Q U IR E D Determine the amount of cash paid to suppliers of the Shasha Ltd group for the year ended 30 June 20X2:(a) using the reconstructed ledgers approach;(b) using the equation
Cash receipts from customers (Sections 7.3 and 7.4)The following data relates to the Sandra Ltd group.R E Q U IR E D Determine the amount of cash receipts from customers of the Sandra Ltd group for the year ended 30 June 20X2:(a) using the reconstructed ledgers approach;(b) using the equation
Cash flows from investing activities (Section 7.4)Describe and explain the cases where the acquisition of a subsidiary during the reporting period would result in a net cash inflow for the group.
Estimating cash flows from operating activities (Section 7.4)Evaluate the following statement:There /s no need to di’sc/ose group cash 打ows from operat/ng actiV/ti.es as analysts and other users can estimate cash flows using information in the financial statements.
Examples of cash flows and non-cash items (Section 7.2.2)Explain how the following items would be treated in the preparation of a consolidated statement of cash flows using the direct method of disclosing cash flows from operating activities:(a) loss on sale of equipment;(b) revaluation of land and
Direct versus indirect presentation (Section 7.2.2)Australian companies now have the choice of reporting cash flows from operating activities using either the direct or indirect method. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of reporting using the direct method of disclosure.
Management decisions, profits and cash flows (Section 7.2)It is sometimes asserted that managers are able to opportunistically manipulate accounting earnings but are less able to manipulate cash flows from operating activities. Provide examples of management decisions that may:(a) increase both
Definition of cash (Section 7.2.1)Explain whether the following items would be classified as ^ash' or ^ash equivalents' in accordance with AASB 107:(a) an overnight deposit on the short-term money market;(b) gold bullion held by a mining company;(c) travellers' cheques denominated in US dollars
Consolidated financial reports and assessment o f solvency (Section 7.1.1)Is the following a legitimate criticism of consolidated statements of cash flows? Are there any counter-arguments?C onso lid ate d statem ents are an a gg re ga tio n o f g o o d an d bad subsidiaries. B ecause each entity in
Calculation o f NCI using memorandum account, comparison of NCI and PI in group profit between a direct and indirect interest in a partly owned subsidiary(Sections 6.2.3 and 6.3.2)The Mist Ltd group is a prominent group in the Australian white goods manufacturing sector whose corporate objectives

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