A. State the principle of conservation of momentum and state the condition under which it is valid.
B. An arrow of mass 0.25 kg is fired horizontally towards an apple of mass 0.10 kg that is hanging on a string, as shown in Figure 6.23.

The horizontal velocity of the arrow as it enters the apple is 30 m s⁻¹. The apple was initially at rest and the arrow sticks in the apple.

i. Calculate the horizontal velocity of the apple and arrow immediately after the impact.

ii. Calculate the change in momentum of the arrow during the impact.

iii. Calculate the change in total kinetic energy of the arrow and apple during the impact.

iv. A rubber-tipped arrow of mass 0.25 kg is fired at the centre of a stationary ball of mass 0.25 kg. The collision is perfectly elastic.
Describe what happens and state the relative speed of separation of the arrow and the ball.

Transcribed Image Text:

30 ms-1 Figure 6.23