a. The pH of a solution depends on the hydrogen ion (hydroxonium ion) concentration. Which concentration of ethanoic acid in Table 8.8 has the highest concentration of hydrogen ions in solution?

b. Which acid or alkali in Table 8.8 has the highest concentration of hydroxide ions?

c. Explain why a solution of 0.1moldm^–3 ethanoic acid has a lower electrical conductivity than a solution of 0.1moldm^–3 hydrochloric acid.

d. Both hydrochloric acid and ethanoic acid react with magnesium. The rate of reaction of 1.0moldm^–3 hydrochloric acid with magnesium is much faster than the rate of reaction of 1.0moldm^–3 ethanoic acid. Explain why.

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Acid or base pH of 1.0 mol dm-3 solution pH of 0.1 mol dm-3 solution pH of 0.01 moldm-3 solution hydrochloric acid (strong acid) 1 2 ethanoic acid (weak acid) 2.4 2.9 3.4 sodium hydroxide (strong base) 14 13 12 ammonia (weak base) 11.6 11.1 10.6 Table 8.8 pH values of some typical strong and weak acids and bases. Activate Wine