Identify the element that corresponds to each of the simplified photoelectron spectral data given below. (Energy data taken from D. A. Shirley, R. L. Martin, S. P. Kowalczyk, F. R. McFeely, and L. Ley: “Core-electron binding energies of the first thirty elements,” Physical Review B, Vol. 15, pp. 544–552, 1977.)

(a) There are peaks at energies corresponding to 1079, 70.8, 38.0, 5.14 eV, corresponding to 2, 2, 6, and 1 electrons, respectively.

(b) There are peaks at energies corresponding to 4043, 443, 351, 48.4, 30.1, and 6.11 eV, corresponding to 2, 2, 6, 2, 6, and 2 electrons, respectively.

(c) There are peaks at energies corresponding to 5475, 638, 524, 77, 47, 12, and 7.3 eV, corresponding to 2, 2, 6, 2, 6, 3, and 2 electrons, respectively.