Ammonia is an important starting material for several industrial processes, including the production of fertilizers, polymers, and admixture components for cement. Thus the production of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen is one of the world’s most important industrial reactions:

Write equilibrium expressions for 

(a) The reaction as written,

(b) The reverse reaction, and 

(c) The reaction as written but with all coefficients in the equation halved.

Strategy Write the equilibrium expression for the reaction as written and manipulate the expression as needed to match the other conditions. If we are not confident with these manipulations, we can always write out the specified versions of the equilibrium equations and use them to obtain the needed equilibrium expressions.

Transcribed Image Text:

N₂(g) + 3 H₂(g) 2 NH3(g)