12. It has been argued that to correct the inequalities of past discrimination, African–

Americans and females should be given preference in employment and promotion.

Do you agree? In the famous Bakke case, the plaintiff argued that he had been unjustly denied admission to medical school because less qualified African—

American applicants were given preference under a quota system. Evaluate the plaintiff ’s argument: “To discriminate in favor of one individual or group is necessarily to discriminate against some other individual or group.” Do you agree?