While placebo treatment can influence subjective symptoms, it is typically believed that patient response to placebo requires

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While placebo treatment can influence subjective symptoms, it is typically believed that patient response to placebo requires concealment or deception; in other words, a patient must believe that they are receiving an effective treatment in order to experience the benefits of being treated with an inert substance. Researchers recruited patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) to test whether placebo responses are neutralized by awareness that the treatment is a placebo. Patients were randomly assigned to either the treatment arm or control arm. Those in the treatment arm were given placebo pills, which were described as "something like sugar pills, which have been shown in rigorous clinical testing to produce significant mind-body self-healing processes". Those in the control arm did not receive treatment. At the end of the study, all participants answered a questionnaire called the IBS Global Improvement Scale (IBS-GIS) which measures whether IBS symptoms have improved; higher scores are indicative of more improvement. At the end of the study, the 37 participants in the open placebo group had IBS-GIS scores with \(\bar{x}=5.0\) and \(s=1.5\), while the 43 participants in the no treatment group had IBS-GIS scores with \(\bar{x}=3.9\) and \(s=1.3\). Based on an analysis of the data, summarize whether the study demonstrates evidence that placebos administered without deception may be an effective treatment for IBS.

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