In the paper “Depression and Bone Mineral Density: Is There a Relationship in Elderly Asian Men?”, S. Wong et al. published the results of their study on bone mineral density (BMD) and depression for 1999 Hong Kong men aged 65 to 92 years. Here are the cross-classified data.

At the 1% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that BMD and depression are statistically dependent for elderly Asian men?

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BMD Osteoporitic Low BMD Normal Total Depressed 3 69 97 Depression 169 Not depressed 35 533 1262 1830 Total 38 602 1359 1999