A financial aid officer is studying the relationship between who borrows money to pay for college in a family and the income of the family. As part of the study, 1593 families are randomly selected and the resulting data are organized as shown in the contingency table. At α = 0.01, can you conclude that who borrows money for college in a family is related to the income of the family?

Perform the indicated chi-square independence test by performing the steps below.

(a) Identify the claim and state H₀ and H_a.

(b) Determine the degrees of freedom, find the critical value, and identify the rejection region.

(c) Find the chi-square test statistic.

(d) Decide whether to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis.

(e) Interpret the decision in the context of the original claim

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Who borrowed money Family income Less than $35,000 Student only 149 Parent only 34 Both No one 10 311 421 181 $35,000-$100,000 68 58 Greater than $100,000 69 40 14 238