A recent study compared the heart rates of 19 infants born to nonsmoking mothers with those of

Question:

A recent study compared the heart rates of 19 infants born to nonsmoking mothers with those of 17 infants born to mothers who smoked an average of 15 cigarettes a day while pregnant and after giving birth.

The heart rates of the infants at one year of age were 20% slower on the average for the smoking mothers.

a. What is the outcome variable?

b. What is the treatment variable?

c. Was this a cohort study or a case-control study?

d. Was the study prospective, cross-sectional, or retrospective?

e. Could the results be due to confounding? Explain.

Fantastic news! We've Found the answer you've been seeking!

Step by Step Answer:

Related Book For  book-img-for-question

Elementary Statistics

ISBN: 9781259969454

3rd Edition

Authors: William Navidi, Barry Monk

Question Posted: