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engineering
introduction mechanical engineering

Questions and Answers of Introduction Mechanical Engineering

Use MATLAB to find the angles corresponding to the following coordinates. Hand-check the answers.a. (x, y) = (5, 8)b. (x, y) = (-5, 8)c. (x, y) = (5, -8)d. (x, y) = (-5, -8)
Let x = -5 - 8i and y = 10 - 5i. Use MATLAB to compute the following expressions. Hand-check the answers.a. The magnitude and angle of xy.b. The magnitude and angle of x/y.
Suppose that y = -3 + ix. For x = 0, 1, and 2, use MATLAB to compute the following expressions. Hand-check the answers.a. |y|b. √yc. (-5 – 7i)yd. y/6 – 3i
Add the following bridge to the structure array created in Problem 48.Problem 48Create a structure array that contains the following information fields concerning the road bridges in a town: bridge
Edit the structure array created in Problem 48 to change the maintenance data for the Clark St. bridge from 2012 to 2018.Problem 48Create a structure array that contains the following information
Create a structure array that contains the following information fields concerning the road bridges in a town: bridge location, maximum load (tons), year built, year due for maintenance. Then enter
a. Create a structure array that contains the conversion factors for converting units of mass, force, and distance between the metric SI system and the British Engineering System.b. Use your array to
The capacitance of two parallel conductors of length L and radius r, separated by a distance d in air, is given bywhere / is the permittitivity of air (∈ = 8.854 × 10-12 F/m). Create a cell
a. Use both cell indexing and content indexing to create the following 2 × 2 cell array.b. What are the contents of the (1,1) element in the (2,1) cell in this array? Motor 28C Test ID 6 3 9 [6 5 1]
The lift-to-drag ratio is an indication of the effectiveness of an airfoil. Referring to Problem 43, the equations for lift and drag arewhere, for a particular airfoil, the lift and drag coefficients
The functionapproaches ! as x→2 and as x→5. Plot this function over the range 0 ≤ x ≤ 7. Choose an appropriate range for the y axis. 3x2- — 12х + 20 y = х2 — 10 7x +
The following formulas are commonly used by engineers to predict the lift and drag of an airfoil:where L and D are the lift and drag forces, V is the airspeed, S is the wing span, ρ is the air
The ideal gas law provides one way to estimate the pressures and volumes of a gas in a container. The law isP = RT/V̂More accurate estimates can be made with the van der Waals equatinwhere the term
Aircraft A is ying east at 320 mi/hr , while aircraft B is flying south at 160 mi/hr. At 1:00 P.M. the aircraft are located as shown in Figure P41.Figure P41.a. Obtain the expression for the distance
Use MATLAB to evaluateat x = 5. 24x – 9x2 - 7 10x + 5x - 3x – 7
Use MATLAB to find the quotient and remainder of 14х3 — бх? + 3х + 9 5x? + 7x – 4
Use MATLAB to find the following product:(10x3 - 9x2 - 6x + 12)(5x3 - 4x2 - 12x + 8)
Use MATLAB to plot the polynomial y = 3x4 - 5x3 - 28x2 - 5x + 200 on the interval $1 ≤ x ≤ 1. Put a grid on the plot and use the ginput function to determine the coordinates of the peak of the
Use MATLAB to plot the polynomials y = 3x4 - 6x3 + 8x2 + 4x + 90 and z = 3x3 + 5x2 - 8x + 70 over the interval -3 ≤ x ≤ 3. Properly label the plot and each curve. The variables y and z represent
The volume of a parallelepiped can be computed from |A - (B × C)|, where A, B, and C define three sides of the parallelepiped (see Figure P34). Compute the volume of a parallelepiped defined by A +
The area of a parallelogram can be computed from |A × B|, where A and B define two sides of the parallelogram (see Figure P33). Compute the area of a parallelogram defined by A = 5i and B = i +
Verify the identityfor the vectors A = 7i - 3j + 7k, B = -6i + 2j + 3k, and C = 2i + 8j - 8k. АX (Вх С) % В (А:С) — С(А В) -
The scalar triple product computes the magnitude M of the moment of a force vector F about a specified line. It is M = (r × F) . n, where r is the position vector from the line to the point of
Vectors with three elements can represent position, velocity, and acceleration. A mass of 5 kg, which is 3 m away from the x axis, starts at x = 2 m and moves with a speed of 10 m/s parallel to the y
Redo Example 2.4–4 as a script le to allow the user to examine the effects of labor costs. Allow the user to input the four labor costs in the following table. When you run the le, it should
Aluminum alloys are made by adding other elements to aluminum to improve its properties, such as hardness or tensile strength. The following table shows the composition of ve commonly used alloys,
The following tables show the costs associated with a certain product and the production volume for the four quarters of the business year. Use MATLAB to nd(a) The quarterly costs for materials,
Given the matricesUse MATLAB toa. Verify the associative propertyA(B + C) = AB + ACb. Verify the distributive property(AB)C = A(BC) 4 -2 1 6 9 -4 -4 -5 2 A = 8 -5 B = 7 5 3 C = 10 6. 1 7 9. 10 -8 2 1
Use MATLAB to nd the products AB and BA for the following matrices: 11 5 -7 -8 А B = -9 -4 6
A cable of length Lc supports a beam of length Lb, so that it is horizontal when the weight W is attached at the beam end. The principles of statics can be used to show that the tension force T in
a. After a dose, the concentration of medication in the blood declines due to metabolic processes. The half-life of a medication is the time required after an initial dosage for the concentration to
Write a MATLAB assignment statement for each of the following functions, assuming that w, x, y, and z are row vectors of equal length and that c and d are scalars.
A water tank consists of a cylindrical part of radius r and height h, and a hemispherical top. The tank is to be constructed to hold 500 m3 of fluid when filled. The surface area of the cylindrical
A fenced enclosure consists of a rectangle of length L and width 2R, and a semicircle of radius R, as shown in Figure P20. The enclosure is to be built to have an area A of 1600 ft2. The cost of the
A company must purchase ve kinds of material. The following table gives the price the company pays per ton for each material, along with the number of tons purchased in the months of May, June, and
The potential energy stored in a spring is kx2/2, where k is the spring constant and x is the compression in the spring. The force required to compress the spring is kx. The following table gives the
Two divers start at the surface and establish the following coordinate system:x is to the west, y is to the north, and z is down. Diver 1 swims 60 ft east, then 25 ft south, and then dives 30 ft. At
The following table shows the hourly wages, hours worked, and output (number of widgets produced) in one week for ve widget makers.Use MATLAB to answer these questions:a. How much did each worker
Plane A is heading southwest at 300 mi/hr, while plane B is heading west at 150 mi/hr. What are the velocity and the speed of plane A relative to plane B?
The mechanical work W done in using a force F to push a block through a distance D is W ! FD. The following table gives data on the amount of force used to push a block through the given distance
Given the matricesUse MATLAB toa. Find the result of A times B using the array product.b. Find the result of A divided by B using array right division.c. Find B raised to the third power element by
Given the matricesUse MATLAB toa. Find A + B + C.b. Find A - B + C.c. Verify the associative law(A + B) + C = A + (B + C)d. Verify the commutative lawA + B + C = B + C + A = A + C + B -7 11 4 -5 -3
a. Create a three-dimensional array D whose three “layers” are these matrices:b. Use MATLAB to nd the largest element in each layer of D and the largest element in D. 3 -2 1 6 9 -4 -7 -5 2 A = 8.
Consider the following arrays.Write MATLAB expressions to do the following.a. Select just the second row of B.b. Evaluate the sum of the second row of B.c. Multiply the second column of B and the rst
Given the matrixa. Sort each column and store the result in an array B.b. Sort each row and store the result in an array C.c. Add each column and store the result in an array D.d. Add each row and
Given the matrixa. Find the maximum and minimum values in each column.b. Find the maximum and minimum values in each row. 3 7 7 -4 12 -5 A = 9 10 2 6 13 8 11 15 4 1
Compute the length and absolute value of the following vectors:a. x = [2, 4, 7]b. y = [2, -4, 7]c. z = [5 + 3i, -3 + 4i, 2 - 7i]
Type this matrix in MATLAB and use MATLAB to carry out the following instructions.a. Create a 4 × 3 array B consisting of all elements in the second through fourth columns of A.b. Create a 3 × 4
Type this matrix in MATLAB and use MATLAB to carry out the following instructions.a. Create a vector v consisting of the elements in the second column of A.b. Create a vector w consisting of the
Repeat Problem 3 but make the rst column of A contain the values 3x and the second column contain the values 5x - 20.Problem 3Use MATLAB to create a vector x having six values between 0 and 10
Use MATLAB to create a vector x having six values between 0 and 10 (including the endpoints 0 and 10). Create an array A whose rst row contains the values 3x and whose second row contains the values
a. Create the vector x having 50 logarithmically spaced values starting at 10 and ending at 1000.b. Create the vector x having 20 logarithmically spaced values starting at 10 and ending at 1000.
A light truck weighs 3100 lb and is rated at 30 miles per gallon for 60-mph highway driving on level ground. Under those conditions, the engine must overcome air resistance, rolling resistance, and
A diesel engine for on-highway construction applications produces 350 hp at 1800 rpm. Determine the torque produced by the engine at this speed in N ∙ m and lb ∙ ft.
In one of the planetary geartrain configurations used in automotive automatic transmissions, the shafts for the sun gear and carrier are connected and turn at the same speed ωo (Figure P8.35). In
(a) The shaft of the sun gear in the planetary geartrain is held stationary by a brake (Figure P8.34). Determine the relationship between the rotational speeds of the shafts for the ring gear and
The ring gear on a planetary geartrain similar to Figure 8.38 has 60 teeth and is rotating clockwise at 120 rpm. The planet and sun gears are identically sized. The sun gear is rotating clockwise at
Rolling element bearings (Section 4.6) are analogous to the layout of a balanced planetary geartrain (Figure P8.32, see on page 406). The rotations of the rollers, separator, inner race, and outer
A planetary geartrain with Ns = 48 and Np = 30 uses the carrier and ring gear as inputs and the sun gear as output. When viewed from the right-hand side in Figure 8.36, the hollow carrier shaft is
Explain why the number of teeth on the ring gear in a planetary geartrain is related to the sizes of the sun and planet gears by the equation Nr = Ns + 2Np.
The mechanism that operates the load/unload tray for holding the disk in a tabletop Blu-rayTM player uses nylon spur gears, a rack, and a belt drive (Figure P8.29). The gear that meshes with the rack
The geartrain in the transmission for the Segway® Personal Transporter uses helical gears to reduce noise and vibration (Figure P8.28). The vehicle’s wheels have a diameter of 48 cm, and it has a
In a two-speed gearbox (Figure P8.27, see on page 404), the lower shaft has splines, and it can slide horizontally as an operator moves the shift fork. Design the transmission and choose the number
Estimate the velocity ratio between the (input) engine and the (output) drive wheels for your automobile (or a friend’s or a family member’s) in several different transmission settings. You will
(a) By directly examining sprockets and counting their numbers of teeth, determine the velocity ratio between the (input) pedal crank and the (output) rear wheel for your multiple-speed bicycle, a
A motor running at 3000 rpm is connected to an output sheave through a V-belt. The output sheave drives a separate conveyer belt at 1000 rpm. The distance between the centers of the motor and output
The world distance record for riding a standard bicycle in 1 h is 49.70 km, set in 2005 in Russia (Figure P8.23). A fixed-gear bike was used, which means that the bike effectively had only one gear.
Two gears, whose centers are 1.5 m apart, are connected by a belt. The smaller 0.40-m diameter gear is rotating with an angular velocity of 50 rad/s. Calculate the angular velocity of the larger
In the motorized rack-and-pinion system in a milling machine, the pinion has 50 teeth and a pitch radius of 0.75 in. (Figure P8.21). Over a certain range of its motion, the motor turns at 800 rpm.(a)
For the compound geartrain, obtain an equation for the velocity and torque ratios in terms of the numbers of teeth labeled in Figure P8.20.Figure P8.20 Output Input Ns N6 N, II Ns N2 N; U N4
The disk in a computer’s magnetic hard drive spins about its center spindle while the recording head C reads and writes data (Figure P8.19). The head is positioned above a specific data track by
The spur gears in the compound geartrain have teeth numbers as labeled (Figure P8.18).(a) Determine the speed and rotation direction of the output shaft.(b) If the geartrain transfers 4 hp of power,
The helical gears in the simple geartrain have teeth numbers as labeled (Figure P8.17). The central gear rotates at 125 rpm and drives the two output shafts. Determine the speeds and rotation
You are designing a geartrain with three spur gears: one input gear, one idler gear, and one output gear. The diametral pitch for the geartrain is 16. The diameter of the input gear needs to be twice
The torque ratio of a gearset is 0.75. The pinion gear has 36 teeth and a diametral pitch of 8. Determine the number of teeth on the output gear and the radii of both gears.
The radius of an input pinion is 3.8 cm, and the radius of an output gear is 11.4 cm. Calculate the velocity and torque ratios of the gearset.
A spur gearset has been designed with the following specifications:Pinion gear: number of teeth = 32, diameter = 3.2 in.Output gear: number of teeth = 96, diameter = 8.0 in.Determine whether this
The torque produced by a 2.5-L automobile engine operating at full throttle was measured over a range of speeds (Figure P8.12). By using this graph of torque as a function of the engine’s speed,
A child pushes a merry-go-round by applying a force tangential to the platform (Figure P8.11). To maintain a constant rotational speed of 40 rpm, the child must exert a constant force of 90 N to
A diesel engine for marine propulsion applications produces a maximum power of 900 hp and torque of 5300 N ∙ m. Determine the engine speed necessary for this production in rpm.
A small automobile engine produces 260 N ∙ m of torque at 2100 rpm. Determine the engine’s power output in the units of kW and hp.
A gasoline-powered engine produces 15 hp as it drives a water pump at a construction site. If the engine’s speed is 450 rpm, determine the torque T that is transmitted from the output shaft of the
The driving disk spins at a constant 280 rpm clockwise (Figure P8.6). Determine the velocity of the connecting pin at A. Also, does the collar at B move with constant velocity? Explain your
For the industrial robot in Problem P8.4, assume that the robot arm stops rotating about base A. However, the link BC begins to rotate about joint B. If link BC rotates 90° in 0.2 s, calculate the
The lengths of the two links in the industrial robot are AB = 22 in. and BC = 18 in. (Figure P8.4). The angle between the two links is held constant at 40° as the robot’s arm rotates about base A
The disk in a computer hard drive spins at 7200 rpm (Figure P8.3). At the radius of 30 mm, a stream of data is magnetically written on the disk, and the spacing between data bits is 25 µm. Determine
Assume that the tire in Problem P8.1 is now sitting on ice spinning with the same rotational velocity, but not translating forward. Determine the velocities of points at the top of the tire and at
An automobile travels at 30 mph, which is also the speed of the center C of the tire (Figure P8.1). If the outer radius of the tire is 15 in., determine the rotational velocity of the tire in the
Develop a novel design application for some form of renewable energy. Through research, describe the technical, social, environmental, and economic requirements involved in the application. You
For the plant in Problem P7.33, 25,000 gal/s of water flow in the river adjacent to the power plant. The river is used as the source of cooling water for the condenser. Considering the heat
Suppose that the new type of computer power supply described in Problem P7.31 costs an additional $5.(a) At the cost of 12¢ per kW ? h, after what period of time would the cost savings in
A natural-gas-fired electrical power plant produces an output of 750 MW. By using a typical efficiency from Table 7.6 and neglecting the small amount of power drawn by the pump, calculate the rates
When a desktop personal computer is operating, its power supply is able to convert only about 65% of the supplied electrical power into the directcurrent electricity that the computer’s internal
A university’s campus has 20,000 computers with cathode-ray tube monitors that are powered up even when the computer is not being used. This type of monitor is relatively inefficient, and it draws
An automobile’s engine produces 30 hp while being driven at 50 mph on a level highway. In those circumstances, the engine’s power is used to overcome air drag, rolling resistance between the
A four-stroke gasoline engine produces an output of 35 kW. Using the density of gasoline listed in Table 6.1, the heating value for gasoline in Table 7.3, and a typical efficiency listed in Table
A person can blink an eye in approximately 7 ms. At what speed (in revolutions per minute) would a four-stroke engine be operating if its power stroke took place literally in the blink of an eye? Is
An inventor claims to have designed a heat engine that receives 120 Btu of heat and generates 30 Btu of useful work when operating between a high-temperature energy reservoir at 140°F and a
A heat engine idealized as operating on the Carnot cycle is supplied with heat at the boiling point of water (212°F), and it rejects heat at the freezing point of water (32°F). If the engine
Geothermal energy systems extract heat stored below the Earth’s crust. For every 300 ft below the surface, the temperature of groundwater increases by about 5°F. Heat can be brought to the surface

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