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engineering
machine elements in mechanical design
Questions and Answers of
Machine Elements In Mechanical Design
Write a set of functions and design requirements in:A machine to insert toothpaste tubes into cartons.
Write a set of functions and design requirements in:A machine to insert 24 cartons of toothpaste into a shipping container.
Write a set of functions and design requirements in:A gripper for a robot to grasp a spare tire assembly and insert it into the trunk of an automobile on an assembly line.
Write a set of functions and design requirements in:A garage door opener.
Define ultimate tensile strength.
Define yield point.
Define yield strength and tell how it is measured.
What types of materials would have a yield point?
What is the difference between proportional limit and elastic limit?
What property of a material is a measure of its stiffness?
What property of a material is a measure of its ductility?
Define Poisson’s ratio.
If a material is reported to have a percent elongation in a 2.00-in gage length of 2%, is it ductile?
If a material has a tensile modulus of elasticity of 114 GPa and a Poisson’s ratio of 0.33, what is its modulus of elasticity in shear?
A material is reported to have a Brinell hardness of 525. What is its approximate hardness on the Rockwell C scale?
A steel is reported to have a Brinell hardness of 450. What is its approximate tensile strength?
Describe what is wrong with each statement.“After annealing, the steel bracket had a Brinell hardness of 750.”
Describe what is wrong with each statement.“The hardness of that steel shaft is HRB 120.”
Describe what is wrong with each statement.“The hardness of that bronze casting is HRC 12.”
Describe what is wrong with each statement.“Based on the fact that this aluminum plate has a hardness of HB 150, its approximate tensile strength is 75 ksi.”
Name two tests used to measure impact energy.
What are the principal constituents in steels?
What are the principal alloying elements in SAE 4340 steel?
How much carbon is in SAE 4340 steel?
What is the typical carbon content of a low-carbon steel? Of a medium-carbon steel? Of a high-carbon steel?
How much carbon does a bearing steel typically contain?
What is the main difference between SAE 1213 steel and SAE 12L13 steel?
Name four materials that are commonly used for shafts.
Name four materials that are typically used for gears.
Describe the properties desirable for the auger blades of a post hole digger, and suggest a suitable material.
If a shovel blade is made from SAE 1040 steel, would you recommend flame hardening to give its edge a surface hardness of HRC 40? Explain.
Describe the differences between through-hardening and carburizing.
Describe the process of induction hardening.
Name 10 steels used for carburizing. What is their approximate carbon content prior to carburizing?
What types of stainless steels are nonmagnetic?
What is the principal alloying element that gives a stainless steel corrosion resistance?
Of what material is a typical wide-flange beam made?
With regard to structural steels, what does the term HSLA mean? What strengths are available in HSLA steel?
Name three types of cast iron.
Describe the following cast iron materials according to type, tensile strength, yield strength, ductility, and stiffness: ASTM A48, Grade 30 ASTM A536, Grade 100-70-03 ASTM A47, Grade
Describe the process of making parts from powdered metals.
What properties are typical for parts made from Zamak 3 zinc casting alloy?
What are the typical uses for Group D tool steels?
What does the suffix O in aluminum 6061-O represent?
What does the suffix H in aluminum 3003-H14 represent?
What does the suffix T in aluminum 6061-T6 represent?
Name three typical uses for titanium alloys.
What is the principal constituent of bronze?
Describe the bronze having the UNS designation C86200.
Name two typical uses for bronze in machine design.
Describe the difference between thermosetting plastics and thermoplastics.
Suggest a suitable plastic material for each of the following uses: (a) Gears (b) Football helmets (c) Transparent shield (d) Structural housing (e) Pipe (f) Wheels (g)
Name eight factors over which the designer has control when specifying a composite material.
Define the term composite.
Name four base resins often used for composite materials.
Name four types of reinforcement fibers used for composite materials.
Name three types of composite materials used for sporting equipment, such as tennis rackets, golf clubs, and skis.
Name three types of composite materials used for aircraft and aerospace structures.
What base resin and reinforcement are typically used for sheet-molding compound (SMC)?
For what applications are sheet-molding compounds used?
Describe six forms in which reinforcing fibers are produced.
Describe wet processing of composite materials.
Describe pre impregnated materials.
Describe the production processing of sheet-molding compounds.
Describe pultrusion, and list four shapes produced by this process.
Describe filament winding and four types of products made by this process.
Define the term specific strength as it is applied to structural materials.
Define the term specific stiffness as it is applied to structural materials.
Discuss the advantages of composite materials relative to metals with regard to specific strength and specific stiffness.
Compare the specific stiffness of SAE 1020 hotrolled steel with that of SAE 5160 OQT 700 steel, the two aluminum alloys 6061-T6 and 7075-T6, and titanium Ti-6Al-4V.
Describe the general construction of a composite material identified as[0/+30/-30/90].
List and discuss six design guidelines for the application of composite materials.
Why is it desirable to form a composite material in layers or plies with the angle of orientation of the different plies in different directions?
Why is it desirable to form a composite structural element with relatively thin skins of the stronger composite material over a core of light foam?
Describe why concurrent engineering and early manufacturing involvement are important when you are designing parts made from composite materials.
Describe a MMC material.
Describe a CMC material.
Recommend a type of composite and materials for a high-performance application such as an aircraft structural component.
Recommend a type of composite and materials and a processing method for a high-volume application with low per-part cost.
Name the predominant choice of composite type and materials for low-cost applications.
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