High levels of the female sex hormone estrogen increase the risk of some forms of cancer. Thus, some early types of contraceptive pills containing high concentrations of estrogen were eventually withdrawn from use because this was found to increase the risk of cancer of the lining of the uterus. Male transsexuals who use estrogen preparations to give themselves a female appearance have an increased risk of breast cancer. High levels of androgens (male sex hormones) increase the risk of some other forms of cancer,
such as cancer of the prostate. Can one infer that estrogens and androgens are mutagenic?