A young gymnast works out many hours each day to prepare for a national competition. This schedule means that she has to forgo opportunities to socialize with her peers, and makes it hard to have a romantic relationship. The gymnast’s willingness to give up some kinds of affection in order to pursue athletic achievements is at odds with whose theory of human motivation?

a. Abraham Maslow

b. Henry Murray

c. Philip Zimbardo

d. David McClelland

e. Solomon Asch