Some people think development occurs much in the way a tree grows, slowly and steadily adding one ring each year. Others think that there are rather abrupt developmental jumps, like the transformation of a tadpole into a frog. Which of the following issues would this difference of opinion relate to?

a. Nature and nurture

b. Maturation and learning

c. Prenatal and neonatal

d. Stability and change

e. Continuity and stages