Gridlock in Toronto already costs the region $6 billion a year, with average commute times of 80 minutes, among the highest in North America. By 2031, commute times will increase by 27 minutes. Civic leaders are looking at the options: road tolls, a regional gas tax, and parking levies.

With road tolls, a regional gas tax, and parking levies would Toronto roads become less congested? If the new charges cut commute times, would the Toronto road system be more efficient? Explain your answers.