Which of the following statements is true regarding depreciation methods?

a. The use of a declining balance method of depreciation will produce lower depreciation charges in the early years of an asset's life compared to the straight-line depreciation method.

b. Over the life of an asset, a declining balance depreciation method will recognize more depreciation expense relative to the straight-line method.

c. The use of a declining-balance method instead of the straight-line method will produce higher book values for an asset in the early years of the asset's life.

\(\mathrm{d}\). The use of a longer estimated life and a higher residual value will lower the annual amount of depreciation expense recognized on the statement of earnings.