If d = true mean difference in DBP between baseline and 1 month, then how many
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If μd = true mean difference in DBP between baseline and 1 month, then how many patients would be needed to have a 90% chance of detecting a significant change in DBP over 1 month using a one-tailed test with a significance level of 5%? Assume that the true mean and standard deviation of the DBP difference were the same as observed in the pilot study.
Hypertension
A pilot study of a new antihypertensive agent is performed for the purpose of planning a larger study. Five patients who have a mean DBP of at least 95 mm Hg are recruited for the study and are kept on the agent for 1 month. After 1 month the observed mean decline in DBP in these five patients is 4.8 mm Hg with a standard deviation of 9 mm Hg.
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