A horizontal pipe has an abrupt expansion from D₁ = 5 cm to D₂ = 10 cm. The water velocity in the smaller section is 8 m/s and the flow is turbulent. The pressure in the smaller section is P₁ = 410 kPa. Taking the kinetic energy correction factor to be 1.06 at both the inlet and the outlet, determine the downstream pressure P₂, and estimate the error that would have occurred if Bernoulli’s equation had been used.

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D₁ = 5 cm Water 1 8 m/s 410 kPa FIGURE P14-54 D₂ = 10 cm