Go back to the models of HRM presented in Chapter 1 and, working either individually or in a group, start to elaborate upon the various contextual elements that they include.

Look, for example, at the ‘outer context’ of Hendry and Pettigrew’s (1990) model illustrated in Chapter 1, Figure 1.4.

1 What in detail constituted the elements of the socio-economic, technical, political-legal and competitive context at the time Hendry and Pettigrew were writing? What would they be now?

2 What other elements would you add to these, both then and now?

3 What are the relationships between them, both then and now?

4 And what, in your view, has been their influence upon HRM, both then and now?