Selzer Equipment Limited sold 500 Rollomatics on account during 2020 for $6,000 each. Ignore any cost of goods sold. During 2020, Selzer spent $30,000 servicing the two-year warranties that are included in each sale of the Rollomatic. All servicing transactions were paid in cash.

Instructions 

a. Prepare the 2020 entries for Selzer using the assurance-type (expense-based) approach for warranties. Assume that Selzer estimates (accurately) that the total cost of servicing the warranties will be $120,000 for two years and payments for completed warranty repairs are paid in cash. 

b. Prepare the 2020 entries for Selzer assuming that the warranties are not an integral part of the sale, but rather a separate service that is considered to be bundled with the selling price. Use the service-type (revenue-based) approach for warranties. Assume that, of the sales total, $160,000 is identified as relating specifically to sales of warranty contracts. Selzer estimates the total cost of servicing the warranties will be $120,000 for two years. Because the repair costs are not incurred evenly, warranty revenues are recognized based on the proportion of costs incurred out of the total estimated costs. Do not round intermediate calculations and round final amounts to the nearest dollar. 

c. What amounts would be shown on Selzer's income statement under parts (a) and (b)? Explain the resulting difference in Selzer's net income. 

d. Are assurance-type and service-type warranties recorded differently in IFRS and ASPE? 

e. Assume that the equipment sold by Selzer undergoes technological improvements and management now has no past experience on which to estimate the extent of the warranty costs. The chief engineer believes that product warranty costs are likely to be incurred, but they cannot be reasonably estimated. What advice would you give on how to account for and report the warranties?