Restraint of Trade. In 1999, residents of the city of Madison, Wisconsin, became concerned that over-consumption of liquor seemed to be increasing near the campus of the University of Wisconsin–Madison (UW), leading to more frequent use of detoxifi cation facilities and calls for police services in the campus area. Under pressure from UW, which shared these concerns, the city initiated a new policy, imposing conditions on area taverns to discourage price reduction “specials” believed to encourage high-volume and dangerous drinking. In 2002, the city began to draft an ordinance to ban all drink specials.

Tavern owners responded by announcing that they had

“voluntarily” agreed to discontinue drink specials on Friday and Saturday nights after 8 P.M. The city put its ordinance on hold. UW student Nic Eichenseer and others fi led a suit in a Wisconsin state court against the Madison–Dane County Tavern League, Inc. (an association of local tavern owners), and others, alleging violations of antitrust law. On what might the plaintiffs base a claim for relief? Are the defendants in this case exempt from the antitrust laws? What should the court rule? Why? [Eichenseer v. Madison–Dane County Tavern League, Inc., 2006 WI App. 226, 725 N.W.2d 274 (2006)]