Figure P11.3 shows two nozzles, one straight and the other curved, in which the diameter is reduced from D₁ to D₂. Suppose that water enters each at a mean velocity U and pressure P₁ and exits to the atmosphere at pressure P₀. The flow is turbulent and the x–y plane is horizontal.

(a) Determine the net fluid force exerted on the straight nozzle in Fig. P11.3(a).

(b) Determine the net fluid force exerted on the curved nozzle in Fig. P11.3(b), where the angle between the outlet and inlet planes is θ.

Transcribed Image Text:

IE D₁ D₂ D₁ X (a) Figure P11.3 Flow through straight and curved nozzles. (b) D₂