Are college students more likely to be on their cell phone at certain times of day than other times as they walk across their campus? Student researchers explored this question. Of the 221 students they observed in the morning, 44 were using their phone, of the 232 students they observed in the afternoon, 48 were using their phone, and of the 115 students they observed in the evening, 45 were using their phone. 

a. What is the explanatory variable in this study? Is it categorical or quantitative? 

b. What is the response variable in this study? Is it categorical or quantitative? 

c. Put the counts in a two-way table where the explanatory variable is in the columns and the response in the rows. 

d. State the hypotheses. 

e. Calculate the conditional proportions of those on their phones for each of the different times of the day. 

f. Calculate the Mean Group Diff. 

g. Use the Multiple Proportions applet to find the corresponding p-value for the test. 

h. State your conclusion in the context of the research question. Include statements on generalization and causation