State the null and alternative hypotheses to be investigated with this study. (You may use the symbol π to represent these parameters.) The following table provides descriptive statistics on the 152 drivers:

Researchers from the University of California, Berkeley wondered whether upper-class individuals behave more unethically than lower-class individuals (Piff et al., 2012). To further investigate this question, they studied behaviors of drivers in different makes and models of cars. The cars were a surrogate measure for the drivers’ class status. According to California Vehicle Code, cars must yield to a pedestrian if said pedestrian is crossing within any marked crosswalk. Data were collected from an intersection in the San Francisco Bay Area on three weekdays between 2:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m. in June 2011. A coder, positioned near the crosswalk, rated the approaching car on a scale from 1 to 5 based on make, age, and physical appearance of the car. The lowest status received a code of 1 and the highest status a code of 5. The coder also recorded whether the approaching car yielded to the pedestrian (a confederate of the study) waiting to cross. There were 152 drivers who were scored  

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Did yield Didn't yield Total 1 5 0 5 2 20 8 28 Status 3 41 20 61 4 25 20 45 5 7 6 13 ترا