Questions and Answers of Concepts Of Biology

Which scientific concept did Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace independently discover?a. Mutationb. Natural selectionc. Overbreedingd. Sexual reproduction
Most of the hormones produced by the anterior pituitary perform what function?a. Regulate growthb. Regulate the sleep cyclec. Regulate production of other hormonesd. Regulate blood volume and blood
Compare spermatogenesis and oogenesis as to timing of the processes, and the number and type of cells finally produced.
Describe the events in the ovarian cycle leading up to ovulation.
In the reproductive cloning of an animal, the genome of the cloned individual comes from ________.a. A sperm cellb. An egg cellc. Any gamete celld. A body cell
In gel electrophoresis of DNA, the different bands in the final gel form because the DNA molecules ________.a. Are from different organismsb. Have different lengthsc. Have different nucleotide
What carries a gene from one organism into a bacteria cell? a. A plasmidb. An electrophoresis gelc. A restriction enzymed. Polymerase chain reaction
What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?a. A plant with certain genes removedb. An organism with an artificially altered genomec. A hybrid organismd. Any agricultural organism produced by
What is the role of Agrobacterium tumefaciens in the production of transgenic plants?a. Genes from A. tumefaciens are inserted into plant DNA to give the plant different traits.b. Transgenic plants
What is the most challenging issue facing genome sequencing?a. The inability to develop fast and accurate sequencing techniquesb. The ethics of using information from genomes at the individual
Genomics can be used in agriculture to:a. Generate new hybrid strainsb. Improve disease resistancec. Improve yieldd. All of the above
What kind of diseases are studied using genome-wide association studies?a. Viral diseasesb. Single-gene inherited diseasesc. Diseases caused by multiple genesd. Diseases caused by environmental
What is the purpose and benefit of the polymerase chain reaction?
Today, it is possible for a diabetic patient to purchase human insulin from a pharmacist. What technology makes this possible and why is it a benefit over how things used to be?
Do you think genetic drift would happen more quickly on an island or on the mainland? Data in Figure 11.7 First generation P (A gene frequency) = 5 q (a gene frequency) =
Describe two of the applications for genome mapping.
Identify a possible advantage and a possible disadvantage of a genetic test that would identify genes in individuals that increase their probability of having Alzheimer's disease later in life.
Which of the following situations will lead to natural selection?a. The seeds of two plants land near each other and one grows larger than the other.b. Two types of fish eat the same kind of food,
What is the difference between micro- and macroevolution?a. Microevolution describes the evolution of small organisms, such as insects, while macroevolution describes the evolution of large
Population genetics is the study of ________.a. How allele frequencies in a population change over timeb. Populations of cells in an individualc. The rate of population growthd. How genes affect
Galápagos medium ground finches are found on Santa Cruz and San Cristóbal islands, which are separated by about 100 km of ocean. Occasionally, individuals from either island fly to the other island
In which of the following pairs do both evolutionary processes introduce new genetic variation into a population? a. Natural selection and genetic driftb. Mutation and gene flowc. Natural
The wing of a bird and the arm of a human are examples of ________.a. Vestigial structuresb. Molecular structuresc. Homologous structuresd. Analogous structures
The fact that DNA sequences are more similar in more closely related organisms is evidence of what?a. Optimal design in organismsb. Adaptationc. Mutationd. Descent with modification
Which situation would most likely lead to allopatric speciation?a. A flood causes the formation of a new lake.b. A storm causes several large trees to fall down.c. A mutation causes a new trait to
What is the main difference between dispersal and vicariance?a. One leads to allopatric speciation, whereas the other leads to sympatric speciation.b. One involves the movement of the organism,
Which variable increases the likelihood of allopatric speciation taking place more quickly?a. Lower rate of mutationb. Longer distance between divided groupsc. Increased instances of hybrid
The word “theory” in theory of evolution is best replaced by ________.a. Factb. Hypothesisc. Idead. Alternate explanation
Why are alternative scientific theories to evolution not taught in public school?a. More theories would confuse studentsb. There are no viable scientific alternativesc. It is against the lawd.
If a person scatters a handful of plant seeds from one species in an area, how would natural selection work in this situation?
Explain the Hardy-Weinberg principle of equilibrium.
Describe natural selection and give an example of natural selection at work in a population.
Why do scientists consider vestigial structures evidence for evolution?
Why do island chains provide ideal conditions for adaptive radiation to occur?
Two species of fish had recently undergone sympatric speciation. The males of each species had a different coloring through which females could identify and choose a partner from her own species.
How does the scientific meaning of “theory” differ from the common, everyday meaning of the word?
Explain why the statement that a monkey is more evolved than a mouse is incorrect.
In what levels are cats and dogs considered to be part of the same group? Data in Figure 12.3 Subspecies: Canis lupus familiaris Species: Canis lupus Genus: Canis Family: Canidae Order:
Which animals in this figure belong to a clade that includes animals with hair? Which evolved first: hair or the amniotic egg? Data in Figure 12.8 (a) Bat wing (c) Insect wing (b) Bird wing
What is a phylogeny a description of?a. Mutationsb. DNAc. Evolutionary historyd. Organisms on Earth
What do scientists in the field of systematics accomplish?a. Discover new fossil sitesb. Organize and classify organismsc. Name new speciesd. Communicate between field biologists
Which statement about the taxonomic classification system is correct?a. There are more domains than kingdoms.b. Kingdoms are the top category of classification.c. A phylum may be represented in more
Which best describes the relationship between chimpanzees and humans?a. Chimpanzees evolved from humansb. Humans evolved from chimpanzeesc. Chimpanzees and humans evolved from a common ancestord.
Which best describes a branch point in a phylogenetic tree? a. A hypothesisb. New lineagec. Hybridizationd. A mating
Which statement about analogies is correct?a. They occur only as errors.b. They are synonymous with homologous traits.c. They are derived by response to similar environmental pressures.d. They are a
What kind of trait is important to cladistics?a. Shared derived traitsb. Shared ancestral traitsc. Analogous traitsd. Parsimonious traits
What is true about organisms that are a part of the same clade?a. They all share the same basic characteristics.b. They evolved from a shared ancestor.c. They all are on the same tree.d. They have
Which assumption of cladistics is stated incorrectly?a. Living things are related by descent from a common ancestor.b. Speciation can produce one, two, or three new species.c. Traits change from one
A monophyletic group is a ________.a. Phylogenetic treeb. Shared derived traitc. Character stated. Clade
How does a phylogenetic tree indicate major evolutionary events within a lineage?
List the different levels of the taxonomic classification system.
Which of the following statements is true?a. Gram-positive bacteria have a single cell wall formed from peptidoglycan.b. Gram-positive bacteria have an outer membrane.c. The cell wall of
Dolphins and fish have similar body shapes. Is this feature more likely a homologous or analogous trait?
Describe maximum parsimony.
How does a biologist determine the polarity of a character change?
The first forms of life on Earth were thought to be_______.a. Single-celled plantsb. Prokaryotesc. Insectsd. Large animals such as dinosaurs
The first organisms that oxygenated the atmosphere were _______.a. Cyanobacteriab. Phototrophic organismsc. Anaerobic organismsd. All of the above
Which of the following consist of prokaryotic cells?a. Bacteria and fungib. Archaea and fungic. Protists and animalsd. Bacteria and archaea
Prokaryotes stain as Gram-positive or Gram-negative because of differences in the _______.a. Cell wallb. Cytoplasmc. Nucleusd. Chromosome
Prokaryotes that obtain their energy from chemical compounds are called _____.a. Phototrophsb. Auxotrophsc. Chemotrophsd. Lithotrophs
Bioremediation includes _____.a. The use of prokaryotes that can fix nitrogenb. The use of prokaryotes to clean up pollutantsc. The use of prokaryotes as natural fertilizersd. All of the above
What event is thought to have contributed to the evolution of eukaryotes? a. Global warmingb. Glaciationc. Volcanic activityd. Oxygenation of the atmosphere
Mitochondria most likely evolved from _____________.a. A photosynthetic cyanobacteriumb. Cytoskeletal elementsc. Aerobic bacteriad. Membrane proliferation
Protists with the capabilities to absorb nutrients from dead organisms are called_____________.a. Photoautotrophsb. Autotrophsc. Saprobesd. Heterotrophs
Which parasitic protist evades the host immune system by altering its surface proteins with each generation?a. Paramecium caudatumb. Trypanosoma bruceic. Plasmodium falciparumd. Phytophthora infestans
Which polysaccharide is usually found in the cell walls of fungi?a. Starchb. Glycogenc. Chitind. Cellulose
What term describes the close association of a fungus with the root of a tree?a. A rhizoidb. A lichenc. A mycorrhizad. An endophyte
Explain the reason why the imprudent and excessive use of antibiotics has resulted in a major global problem.
Your friend believes that prokaryotes are always detrimental and pathogenic. How would you explain to them that they are wrong?
Describe the hypothesized steps in the origin of eukaryote cells.
How does killing Anopheles mosquitoes affect the Plasmodium protists?
At what stage does the diploid zygote form?a. When the female cone begins to bud from the treeb. When the sperm nucleus and the egg nucleus fusec. When the seeds drop from the treeData in Figure
If a flower lacked a megasporangium, what type of gamete would it not be able to form? If it lacked a microsporangium, what type of gamete would not form?Data in Figure 14.26 Epo Moggar (embry Cary
Without treatment, why does African sleeping sickness invariably lead to death?
Why can superficial mycoses in humans lead to bacterial infections?
The land plants are probably descendants of which of these groups?a. Green algaeb. Red algaec. Brown algaed. Angiosperms
The event that leads from the haploid stage to the diploid stage in alternation of generations is ________.a. Meiosisb. Mitosisc. Fertilizationd. Germination
Moss is an example of which type of plant?a. Haplontic plantb. Vascular plantc. Diplontic plantd. Seed plant
Why do mosses grow well in the Arctic tundra?a. They grow better at cold temperatures.b. They do not require moisture.c. They do not have true roots and can grow on hard surfaces.d. There are no
Which is the most diverse group of seedless vascular plants? a. The liverwortsb. The horsetailsc. The club mossesd. The ferns
Which group are vascular plants?a. Liverwortsb. Mossesc. Hornwortsd. Ferns
Which of the following traits characterizes gymnosperms?a. The plants carry exposed seeds on modified leaves.b. Reproductive structures are located in a flower.c. After fertilization, the ovary
What adaptation do seed plants have in addition to the seed that is not found in seedless plants?a. Gametophytesb. Vascular tissuec. Pollend. chlorophyll
Pollen grains develop in which structure?a. The antherb. The stigmac. The filamentd. The carpel
Corn develops from a seedling with a single cotyledon, displays parallel veins on its leaves, and produces monosulcate pollen. It is most likely:a. A gymnospermb. A monocotc. A eudicotd. A basal
What adaptations do plants have that allow them to survive on land?
What are the three classes of bryophytes?
How did the development of a vascular system contribute to the increase in size of plants?
What are the four modern-day groups of gymnosperms?
Which of the following statements is false?a. Eumetazoa have specialized tissues and Parazoa do not. b. Both acoelomates and pseudocoelomates have a body cavity.c. Chordates are more closely
Cycads are considered endangered species and their trade is severely restricted. Customs officials stop suspected smugglers, who claim that the plants in their possession are palm trees and not
What are the two structures that allow angiosperms to be the dominant form of plant life in most terrestrial ecosystems?
Which of the following statements about the anatomy of a mollusk is false?a. Mollusks have a radula for scraping food.b. Mollusks have ventral nerve cords.c. The tissue beneath the shell is called
Which of the following statements about common features of chordates is true?a. The dorsal hollow nerve cord is part of the chordate central nervous system.b. In vertebrate fishes, the pharyngeal
Which of the following is not a feature common to most animals?a. Development into a fixed body planb. Asexual reproductionc. Specialized tissuesd. Heterotrophic nutrient sourcing
Which of the following does not occur?a. Radially symmetrical diploblastb. Diploblastic eucoelomatec. Protostomic coelomated. Bilaterally symmetrical deuterostome
The large central opening in the poriferan body is called the _____.a. Emmuleb. Piculec. Stiad. Osculum
Cnidocytes are found in _____.a. Phylum Poriferab. Phylum Nemerteac. Phylum Nematodad. Phylum Cnidaria
Cubozoans are ________.a. Polypsb. Medusoidsc. Polymorphsd. Sponges
Which group of flatworms are primarily external parasites of fish?a. Monogeneansb. Trematodesc. Cestodesd. Turbellarians

Showing 1 - 100 of 382