After receiving some complaints from the readers, your campus newspaper decides to redesign its front page. Two new formats, B and C, were developed and tested against the current format, A. A total of 75 students were randomly selected and 25 students were randomly assigned to each of three format conditions.

The students were asked to evaluate the effectiveness of the format on an 11-point scale (1 5 poor, 11 5 excellent).

a. State the null hypothesis.

b. What statistical test should you use?

c. What are the degrees of freedom associated with the test statistic?