Refer to the sample data given in Exercise 1. If we want to test for equality of the three means, why don’t we use three separate hypothesis tests for μ1 = μ2, μ1 = μ3, and μ2 = μ3?

Use the following listed arrival delay times (minutes) for American Airline flights from New York to Los Angeles. Negative values correspond to flights that arrived early. Also shown are the SPSS results for analysis of variance. Assume that we plan to use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the different flights have the same mean arrival delay time.

Data From Example 1:

a. What characteristic of the data above indicates that we should use one-way analysis of variance?
b. If the objective is to test the claim that the three flights have the same mean arrival delay time, why is the method referred to as analysis of variance?