17. During the summer of 2001, the combination of city and state taxes on cigarettes sold in New York City rose from $1.19 to more than $3.00 per pack.

How will this tax increase affect

(a) the quantity of cigarettes sold in New York City,

(b) the revenue derived by the city and state from the tax,

(c) the Internet purchases of cigarettes by New Yorkers, and

(d) the incidence of smoking by New Yorkers?