Which of the following is NOT part of the evidence presented to support the view that humans are strongly motivated by a need to belong?

Students who rated themselves as “very happy” also tended to have satisfying close relationships.
Social exclusion—such as exile or solitary confinement—is considered a severe form of punishment.
As adults, adopted children tend to resemble their biological parents.
Children who are extremely neglected become withdrawn, frightened, and speechless.