Which of the following statements about adolescence is not true?

a. Adolescence is a life stage that is not universally recognized in all cultures

b. Societies with more traditional roles tend to have less adolescent rebellion

c. Adolescence is viewed as a violent period of life in only a minority of preindustrial societies.

d. Individualistic cultures tend to have more adolescent rebellion than collectivistic cultures

e. All of the above are true.