A series of tests in which water was heated while flowing through a 1-m-long electrically heated tube

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A series of tests in which water was heated while flowing through a 1-m-long electrically heated tube of 1.3-cm ID yielded the experimental pressure-drop data shown next.


Isothermal pressure-drop data for the same tube are given below in terms of the dimensionless friction factor ∫ = (Δp/pu̅2) (2D/L)gc and Reynolds number based on the pipe diameter, ReD = 4m/πDμ. The symbol u̅ denotes the average pipe velocity.


By comparing the isothermal with the nonisothermal friction coefficients at similar bulk Reynolds numbers, derive a dimensionless equation for the nonisothermal friction coefficients in the form


where μs = viscosity at surface temperature, μb = viscosity at bulk temperature, and n and m = empirical constants.

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Principles Of Heat Transfer

ISBN: 9781305387102

8th Edition

Authors: Frank Kreith, Raj M. Manglik, Mark S. Bohn

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