1. As a first step in working with these two commands, open either the SPSS (Chapter_5.sps) or the Stata (Chapter_5.do) files that will run all of the commands described above. If you prefer to work directly with the California data file, then open either the SPSS (ca_scps9098.sav) or the Stata version (ca_scps9098.dta). The syntax and data files contain the felony arrest cases used in the examples in this chapter and will allow you to reproduce the results. Follow the commands as described above or run the appropriate syntax file. Questions 2 through 4 use the NYS data (nys_1.sav or nys_4_student.sav for SPSS; nys_1.dta for Stata; or use any dataset in R using read_sav() or read_dta() from the haven package).