If deception was used in the research, did the researcher consider the following issues

(adapted from Sieber & Tolich, 2013):

a. Could participant observation, interviews, or a simulation method have been used to produce valid and informative results?

b. Could the people have been told in advance that deception would occur so they could then consent to waive their right to be informed?

c. How are the privacy and confidentiality of the participants ensured?

d. If you are studying bad behavior, have the people agreed to participate in the study?

Can you run a pilot group in which you honestly inform people of the type of behavior you are studying and determine if they would agree to participate?

e. If studying bad behavior, is the behavior induced? How strongly?

f. How will debriefing and desensitizing (removing any undesirable emotional consequences of the research) be handled?

g. Is the study important enough and well designed enough to justify deception?