1. If you’ve ever taken public transportation in Europe, you are probably familiar with their policy of letting anyone walk on a train or streetcar, with inspectors only occasionally coming aboard to check tickets. If you are caught without a ticket, you face a stiff fine. According to the logic in this chapter, European cities should go even farther and raise fines to astronomical levels.

That way they could hire even fewer inspectors and still achieve the same reduction in shirking. Why do you think they don’t do this?