5. How will the following actions a ffect the money supply:

(a)

(b)

(c)

A reduction in the discount rate An increase in the reserve requirements Purchase by the Fed of $ 1 0 million of U.S. securities from a commercial bank

(d) Sale by the U .S. Treasury of $ 1 0 million of newly issued bonds to a commercial bank

(e) An increase in the discount rate

(f) Sale by the Fed of $20 million of U .S. securities to a private investor