Given the idea of a “market for crime,” for each of the innovations listed below indicate whether it shifts the victim response schedule or the offender response schedule, or both, and how it changes equilibrium crime and precautions:

a. Higher probability of arrest.

b. Cheaper, more effective burglar alarms.

c. More publicity about threats of crime or terrorism.

d. A reduction in moral scruples against community crime.

e. More dead-end streets and more confusing street patterns.

f. More potential criminals in the population.