1. The original set of Medicare Hospital Quality Measures have grown and been refined over time (Jencks, Huff, and Cuerdon 2003; Jha et al. 2005). At the end of 2005, CMS defined the following hospital quality measures (see www.hospitalcompare.hhs.gov):

Acute myocardial infarction

• Percent of patients given angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor for left ventricular dysfunction

• Percent of patients given adult smoking-cessation advice/

counseling

• Percent of patients given aspirin at arrival

• Percent of patients given aspirin at discharge

• Percent of patients given beta blocker at arrival

• Percent of patients given beta blocker at discharge

• Percent of patients give percutaneous coronary intervention within 120 minutes of arrival

• Percent of patients given thrombolytic medication within 30 minutes of arrival Congestive heart failure

• Percent of patients given angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor for left ventricular dysfunction

• Percent of patients given adult smoking-cessation advice/

counseling

• Percent of patients given assessment of left ventricular function

• Percent of patients given discharge instructions Community-acquired pneumonia

• Percent of patients assessed and given pneumococcal vaccination

• Percent of patients given adult smoking-cessation advice/

counseling

• Percent of patients given initial antibiotic(s) within four hours after arrival • Percent of patients given oxygenation assessment • Percent of patients given the most appropriate antibiotic(s)
• Percent of patients having a blood culture performed prior to first antibiotic received in the hospital Surgical quality measures • Percent of surgery patients who received preventive antibiotic(s)
one hour before incision • Percent of surgery patients whose preventive antibiotics are stopped within 24 hours after surgery