1) (4 pts each) For each description of the data, identify the 5 W's, name the variables, specify for each variable whether its use indicates that it should be treated as a categorical or quantitative variable, and for any quantitative variable, identify the units in which it was measured (or note that they were not provided). a) The State Education Department requires local school districts to keep records on all students: age, race or ethnicity, days absent, current grade level, standardized test scores in reading and mathematics, and any disabilities or special education needs. b) Scientists at a major pharmaceutical firm conducted an experiment to study the effectiveness of an herbal compound to treat the common cold. They exposed each patient to a cold virus, then gave them either the herbal compound or a sugar solution known to have no effect on colds. Several days later they assessed each patient's condition, using a cold severity scale ranging from 0 to 5. They found no evidence of benefits of the compound. . c) The 2.5-mile Indianapolis Motor Speedway has been home to a race on Memorial Day nearly every year since 1911. Even during the first race, there were controversies. Ralph Mulford was given the checkered flag first but took three extra laps just to make sure he'd completed 500 miles. When he finished, another driver, Ray Harroun, was being presented with the winner's trophy, and Mulford's protests were ignored. Harroun averaged 74.6 mph for the 500 miles. In 2011, the winner, Dan Wheldon, averaged 170.265 mph. Here are the data for the first five races and five recent Indianapolis 500 races. Year Driver Time Speed (mph) 1911 Ray Harroun 6:42:08 74.602 1912 Joe Dawson 6:21:06 78.719 1913 Jules Goux 6:35:05 75.933 1914 Rene Thomas 6:03:45 82.474 1915 Ralph DePalma 5:33:55.51 89.840 2008 Scott Dixon 3:28:57.6792 143.567 2009 Helio Castroneves 3:19:34.6427 150.318 2010 Dario Franchitti 3:05:37.0131 161.623 2011 Dan Wheldon 2:56:11.7267 170.265 2012 Dario Franchitti 2:58:51.2532 167.734