$1.$ A costing study of a publicly run primary care clinic reported the following cost numbers. Although the clinic is autonomous, it is directly under the supervision of the regional department of health $($RDOH$).$ Patients get their services from the clinic by paying $$2$ per visit $($see VII$\mathrm{.}2$ You can figure out the number of visits.$)$ and $10\%$ of the total value of drugs received $[$copy and paste the following table into an excel sheet$]$

I. Personnel costs for the clinic $($Year $2019)$

I$\mathrm{.}1$ Salary and benefits of doctors and nurses working in the clinic $$540,000$

I$\mathrm{.}2$ Value of time of voluntary service provided by doctors and nurses: $$105,000$

I$\mathrm{.}3$ Salary and benefits of the administrative staff of the clinic $$245,000$

I$\mathrm{.}4$ Salary and benefits of other personnel in the clinic $$175,000$

II$.$ Drugs and supplies $($Year $2017)$

II$\mathrm{.}1$ Total value of drugs dispensed from the clinic $$321,000$

II$\mathrm{.}2$ Drugs donated by a Foundation $($dispensed in clinic$)$ $$120,000$

II$\mathrm{.}3$ Other supplies purchased by and used in the clinic $$145,000$

III. Transportation costs, excluding capital costs $($Year $2018)$

III$\mathrm{.}1$ Transport of drugs and supplies paid by the health clinic $$14,200$

III$\mathrm{.}2$ Transport of drugs and supplies paid by the foundation $$5,300$

III$\mathrm{.}3$ Transport costs incurred by patients and patient$$s families $$94,500$

IV$.$ Utilities $($water$,$ gas, electricity$),2019$ $$25,450$

V$.$ Capital costs at the clinic $(2019)(5\%$ annual interest rate for $5$ years$)$ $$39,500$

VI$.$ Cost at the RDOH level $(2019)$

VI$\mathrm{.}1$ Capital costs at the RDOH $(6\%$ annual interest rate for $10$ years$)$ $$185,200$

VI$\mathrm{.}2$ Salary and benefits of personnel at RDOH $$995,500$

VI$\mathrm{.}3$ Transportation cost at the RDOH level for supervision $$75,000$

VII. Other costs

VII$\mathrm{.}1$ Money paid by patients to get drugs from the clinic $(2017)$ $$32,100$

VII$\mathrm{.}2$ Amount paid by patients for services at clinic $(2019)$ $$20,000$

VII$\mathrm{.}3$ Value of time of patients used for seeking care $(2016)$ $$99,500$

VII$\mathrm{.}4$ Food expenses incurred by patients for seeking care $(2015)$ $$15,700$

$($a$)$ We want to estimate the cost for the clinic in terms of $2019$ prices. The inflation rates in the country were: In $2006$ prices increased by $5\%$ over $2015,2007$ prices were $4\%$ higher than $2016,2018$ prices were $7\%$ higher than $2017$ and $2019$ prices were $8\%$ higher than $2018.$ Convert all the cost items in the table above into $2019$ prices.

$($b$)$ A survey found that $20\%$ of RDOH costs mentioned in the table are used for supervision of primary healthcare clinics in the area. The RDOH supervises $25$ clinics in the area and the total cost of RDOH supervision can be subdivided among the clinics equally. Calculate the following unit costs:

$($i$)$ Cost per visit from the perspective of the primary care health clinic.

$($ii$)$ Cost per visit from the perspective of patients$/$households

$($iii$)$ Cost per visit at the clinic from the societal perspective

For each of the above calculations, indicate the items you are including and explain the reasons for inclusion and exclusion.