1. As of 2016, how well had Axel Springer turned disruptive technological change into sustainable change within its core German market? By the year 2016 German publishing and content firm Axel Springer and its dynamic shift to digital was well ensconced in the firm's approach and attitude, thanks largely to the enthusiasm and foresight of CEO Matthias Dopfner. By embracing the medium almost as soon as he assumed leadership of Axel Springer in 2002, Dopfner was able to achieve several accomplishments that made sustainable change possible in the German market as well as the broader global markets. Not the least of the changes made by Mr. Dopfner was the acquisition of successful digital publishers with proven strategies and well-trafficked websites, such as Business Insider. By 2016 these purchases by Axel Springer as it became much more a true multimedia digital conglomerate were already beginning to prove prescient. For both the German market and internationally, the acquisition of platforms like Business Insider (and later Bild) was to be the basis for future leverage with giants like Google, Facebook, and Snapchat (among others). Other efforts, while perhaps not as superficially successful Business Insider, include the ongoing partnership with Samsung that allows for installation of Upday, an Axel Springer-owned news app, to come preinstalled on every Samsung mobile device. The value of this effort cannot be understated, and I feel it serves as an example of how CEO Dopfner sowed the seeds for success in the German market and beyond. Despite not being as well known as Google News, the Upday app allows for real-time tracking of audience engagement with the news, and a valuable testing venue for stories that can then be sent for further distribution to the Associated Press, Reuters, Facebook, and other large media 'aggregators.' Within the domestic German market, Axel Springer had also turned 'Bild' a top-selling Deutsche- language tabloid, into a potent digital force with many times the digital subscribers of its nearest