• Show the Activation Records (ARs) and output for the following program execution.

  [1]

  int ack(int m, int n)

  {

  if (m == 0){

  return n + 2;

  }

  else if((m > 0) && (n == 0)){

  return ack(m - 1, 1);

  }

  else if((m > 0) && (n > 0)){

  return ack(m - 1, ack(m, n - 1));

  }

  }

  int main()

  {

  int ans;

  ans = ack(1, 3);

  cout << a << endl;

  return 0;

  }

  [2] Show the Activation Records (ARs) and output for the following program execution.

  int mgcd(int a, int b) {
  if (a == 0 || b == 0)
  return 0;
  else if (a == b)
  return a;
  else if (a > b)
  return mgcd(a-b, b+1);
  else
  return mgcd(a, b-a);
  }
  int main() {
  int a = 63, b = 42;
  cout<<"MGCD of "<< a <<" and "<< b <<" is "<< mgcd(a, b);
  return 0;
  }

  =====================================

  [3] Given the following code segments:

  fun( a, b){
  a += b + 2;
  b += b * 2;
  }

  int main (){
  int x = 4;
  int y = 3;

  fun(x,y);
  fun(x,y);
  print x, y;
  }

  (A) What will be the ouput if the actual parameters were passed by value?

  (B) What will be the output if the actual parameters were passed by reference?

  (C) What will be the output if x,y were passed by value and y passed by result?

  (D) What will be the output if x was passed by value and y passed by value-result?

•