1. Engine valves (c,= 440 J/kg K and p = 7840 kg/m') are to be heated from 50C to 850C in 4 min in the heat treatment section of a valve manufacturing facility. The valves have a cylindrical stem with a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 10 cm. The valve head and the stem may be assumed to be of equal surface area, with a total mass of 0.08 kg. For a single valve, determine (a) the amount of heat transfer, (b) the average rate of heat transfer, (e) the average heat flux, and (d) the number of valves that can be heat treated per day if the heating section can hold 25 valves and it is used 10 h per day. Engine valve T- 50 "C T- 850 C D-0.8 cm L- 10 cm Figure Question 1