$1.$ The traffic flow diagram below shows a tunnel going through a mountain and two streetsConsider the directed resource graph shown below and answer the following questions:

a$.$ Are there any blocked processes?

b$.$ Is this system deadlocked?

c$.$ What is the resulting graph after reduction by $P1?$

d$.$ What is the resulting graph after reduction by $P2?$

e$.$ If Both $P1$ and $P2$ have requested $R2,$ answer these questions:

I. What is the status of the system if the request by P$2$ is granted before that

of P$1?$

II$.$ What is the status of the system if the request by P$1$ is granted before that

of P$2?$

parallel to each other$$one at each end of the tunnel. Traffic lights are located at each end of

the tunnel to control the cross$-$flow of traffic through each intersection. Based on this figure,

answer the following questions:

a$.$ How can deadlock occur and under what circumstances?

b$.$ How can deadlock be detected?

c$.$ Give a solution to prevent deadlock and starvation

$2.$ Consider the directed resource graph shown below and answer the following questions:

a$.$ Are there any blocked processes?

b$.$ Is this system deadlocked?

c$.$ What is the resulting graph after reduction by P$1?$

d$.$ What is the resulting graph after reduction by P$2?$

e$.$ If Both P$1$ and P$2$ have requested R$2,$ answer these questions:

I. What is the status of the system if the request by P$2$ is granted before that

of P$1?$

II$.$ What is the status of the system if the request by P$1$ is granted before that

of P$2?$