12. The calculation of a firm's Market Value Added (MVA) and Economic Value Added A Aa (EVA) Tai, your newly appointed boss, has tasked you with evaluating the following financial data for Extensive Enterprise Inc. to determine how extensive's value has changed over the past year. The investment firm for which you work will make a positive (or "buy") recommendation to its investing clients if Extensive's value has increased over the past year, a neutral (or "hold") recommendation if the value has remained constant, or a negative for "sell) recommendation if the value has decreased. He has recommended that you use several metrics to ascertain how the firm's value has changed, and he has provided you with the following income statement and balance sheet. Extensive Enterprise Inc. Income Statement January 1 - December 31, Year 2 Year 2 Sales $11,212,500 Expenses 8.970,000 EBITDA 2,242,500 Depreciation and amortization expense 392,438 EBIT 1,850,062 Interest expense 336,375 1,513,687 Tax expense (409) 605,475 Net income $908,212 Year 1 $9,750,000 2.995.000 1,755,000 341,250 1,413,750 243,750 1,170,000 468,000 $702,000 Year 1 $555,750 1,852,500 3,241,875 5,650,125 3,612,375 $9,262,500 EBT Extensive Enterprise Inc. Balance Sheet December 31, Year 2 Assets: Year 2 Cash and cash equivalents $583,538 Receivables 1,945,125 Inventory 3,403,969 Current assets 5,932,632 Net fixed assets 3,792,993 Total assets $9,725,625 Liabilities and Equity: Accounts payable $1,458,844 Accruals 948,248 Notes payable 2,042,381 Total current liabilities 4,449,473 Long-term debt 1,872,183 Total liabilities 6,321,656 Common stock (51 par) 680,794 Retained earnings 2,723,175 Total equity 3,403,969 Total debt and equity $9,725,625 Common dividends Addition to retained earnings 1 Excludes depreciation and amortization $544,927 $363,285 $421,200 $280,800 $1,389,375 903,094 1,945,125 4,237,594 1,783,031 6,020,625 648,375 2,593,500 3,241,875 $9,262,500 Shares outstanding Weighted average cost of capital 680,794 7.98% 648,375 7.30% To facilitate your analysis, complete the following table, and use the results to answer the related questions. Round your percentage change answers to two Company Growth and Performance Metrics Metric Year 1 Percentage Change Using the change in Extensive's EVA as the decision criterion, which type of investment recommendation should you make to your clients? A sell recommendation O A buy recommendation O A hold recommendation Year 2 General Metrics $11,212,500 $908,212 Sales $9,750,000 $702,000 $1,043,250 $3,525,540 Net income Net cash flow (NCF) Net operating working capital (NOWC) Earnings per share (EPS) Dividends per share (DPS) Book value per share (BVPS) Cash flow per share (CFPS) Market price per share $1.08 $0.80 $5.00 18.63% $19.75 $21.73 MVA Calculation 15.536 Market value of equity Book value of equity Market Value Added (MVA) $3,403,969 $3,241,875 $9,563,531 Which of the following statements are correct? Check all that apply. Other things remaining constant, Extensive's EVA will increase when its ROIC exceeds its WACC. D Extensive's NCF is calculated by adding its annual interest expense to the corresponding year's net income. Extensive's net income is growing at a rate greater than its sales. This could imply that either its revenues are growing more quickly than its expenses or that management is being effective in managing its costs while achieving the reported growth in sales. Other things remaining constant, either event should increase the value of the firm. An increase in the number of common shares outstanding must increase the market value of the firm's equity For any given year, one way to compute Extensive's EVA is as the difference between its NOPAT (such as $845,250) and the product of its EVA Calculation $1,110,037 5.00% 7.98% 7.30% Net operating profit after-tax (NOPAT) Investor-supplied operating capital Weighted average cost of capital Dollar cost of capital Return on invested capital (ROIC) Economic Value Added (EVA) 14.789 24,65% $526,203