1.7 Name the formal or informal fallacy found in each of the following arguments:
1.7.1 If students study hard, then they will pass their exams. Apparently, students did not study hard. Therefore, we can conclude that they will not pass their exams.
1.7.2 The Law ought to be hard on men who abuse women for the reason that these men are women abusers. 
1.7.3 When I was touring South Africa, I met three white people on different occasions who displayed some racist attitude to people of African descent. It seems to me that all white people in South Africa are racist. 
1.7.4 "Did you see how the EFF political party members conducted themselves in parliament lately? They were screaming and shouting and climbing on top of the tables. This is disgusting, and it does not matter what points they were raising. As civilized people we cannot allow ourselves to be ruled by barbaric people. Clearly, we should not vote for the EFF in 2024 general elections."