19.Descriptive research on effective managers suggests that they ________.

Select one:

a.involve more people than necessary to ensure that a problem is solved

b.focus their time on intractable problems

c.pass problems along to others within the organization

d.give priority to important problems that can be solved

18.The ________ approach began in the early 1950s after many researchers became discouraged with the ________ approach and began to pay closer attention to what managers actually do on the job.

Select one:

a.power-influence; situational

b.behavior; trait

c.situational; power-influence

d.trait; behavior

17.It is not possible to establish an absolute set of "correct" behavior categories to organize the behavior descriptions from research over the last half-century.

Select one:

a.TRUE

b.FALSE

16.Which is an example of a subjective measure of performance?

Select one:

a.rating obtained from the leader's superiors

b.net profits

c.costs in relation to budgeted expenditures

d.return on investment

15.

________ leadership is another name for the behavior category involving decision-making procedures that a leader can use to involve others in decisions about the work.

Select one:

a.Didactic

b.Autocratic

c.Charismatic

d.Democratic

14.The use of multiple methods for studying leadership ________.

Select one:

a.is the norm among researchers today

b.muddles the research results and is therefore ineffective

c.minimizes the limitations of a single method

d.tends to be more common than using one familiar, well-accepted method

13.Initiating structure includes behaviors such as assigning tasks to subordinates, maintaining definite standards of performance, asking subordinates to follow standard procedures, emphasizing the importance of meeting deadlines, criticizing poor work, and coordinating the activities of different subordinates.

Select one:

a.TRUE

b.FALSE

12.An integrative approach to studying leadership is an approach that involves more than one leadership construct.

Select one:

a.TRUE

b.FALSE

11.Little attention was paid to behaviors directly concerned with ________ in early leadership theory and research.

Select one:

a.accomplishing the task in an efficient and reliable way

b.encouraging and facilitating change

c.improving job satisfaction and identification with the team

d.increasing mutual trust

10.________ is an example of the "characteristics of the situation" key variable.

Select one:

a.National cultural values

b.Task commitment and effort

c.Skills and expertise

d.Influence tactics

9.Consideration is a behavior category that includes sets of behaviors involving concern for relationships.

Select one:

a.FALSE

b.TRUE

8.Which is the most common method used to study leadership effectiveness?

Select one:

a.experiments in which researchers assess effects of different patterns of leader behavior on group processes and outcomes

b.questionnaires filled out by subordinates and other people who interact with the leader

c.examination of social networks within organizations

d.descriptions of leader actions and decisions from observation and diaries, and critical incidents

7.

________ involves gathering information about the operations of the manager's organizational unit, including the progress of the work, the performance of individual subordinates, the quality of products or services, and the success of projects or programs.

Select one:

a.Monitoring

b.Clarifying

c.Problem solving

d.Planning

6.The three meta-categories of task-oriented, relations-oriented, and change-oriented behaviors are independent and unrelated to each other.

Select one:

a.TRUE

b.FALSE

5.Charismatic and transformational leadership ________.

Select one:

a.emphasize leader and follower values as well as leader behavior

b.highlight the importance of contextual factors that influence leader behavior

c.emphasize personality, motives, values, and skills

d.explain leadership effectiveness in terms of the amount and type of power possessed by a leader

4.Which is NOT an example of a specific transformational leadership behavior?

Select one:

a.talking about personal values

b.leading by example

c.making self-sacrifices for the group

d.lobbying for resources

3.In this text, the terms leader, ________ are used interchangeably to refer to people who occupy positions in which they are expected to perform the leadership role, but without any assumptions about their actual behavior or success.

Select one:

a.subordinate, and direct report

b.staff, and boss

c.subordinate, and manager

d.manager, and boss

2.________ can be content analyzed to identify behavior used by effective and ineffective leaders.

Select one:

a.Biographies of famous leaders

b.Fictional accounts of group behavior

c.Videos that show different patterns of leadership behavior

d.Questionnaires filled out by leaders themselves

1.Conducting market research is an example of ________.

Select one:

a.clarifying

b.external monitoring

c.representing

d.networking