1a. Discuss two different processes that explain why a high school student has better memory than does a second grader (10).

1b. Give an example of a situation in which this type of age difference in memory performance could be reversed and discuss why this age reversal occurs (10).

1c. Describe a biologically based change in memory that occurs in infancy and explain the basis for this change (10).

2a. Give an example of a specific way that the methodology of either the Strange Situation or of the Adult Attachment interview may misrepresent the attachment status of a cultural group outside of the US and Western European cultural context (10).

2b. Propose a way that the methodology you discussed in 2a could potentially be modified to more adequately assess attachment in a non-Western cultural group (10).

3a. Briefly describe the main assumptions of the stage-environment-fit model and of the life-course perspective on aging (10).

3b. Give an example of how the stage-environment fit model could be applied in understanding a specific developmental change associated with middle or old age (10).

3c. Give an example of how the life-course perspective could be applied in explaining a specific group difference observed in IQ scores (10).

4a. Briefly describe the findings on cultural variation in the affective meaning of parental control uncovered by Mason and his colleagues (10).

4b. Discuss a way that the research by Mason and his colleagues can explain why authoritarian parenting tends to be associated with more positive outcomes among East Asian than European-American families (10).